丁醇催化氨化合成丁腈催化剂及工艺的研究

Study on the Catalyst and Process for the Synthesis of Butyronitriles through Catalytic Ammoniation of Butanols

摘要:

筛选出由丁醇催化氨化合成丁腈的催化剂Co20.0-Ni3.0/-Al2O3，并对其结构进行了表征。在固定床反应器上对该催化剂催化的由正丁醇（异丁醇）合成正丁腈（异丁腈）的工艺及稳定性进行了研究。当反应在410 ℃（420 ℃）、氨醇物质量比3 : 1、液时空速LHSV 0.3 h-1（0.2 h-1）及常压条件下进行时，正丁醇（异丁醇）的转化率达100 %，正丁腈（异丁腈）收率达81.6 %（80.6 %）。连续运转100 h，催化剂活性几乎没有变化，正丁腈（异丁腈）的选择性下降不足1 %。结果表明该催化剂具有优良的催化性能和良好的稳定性。

Abstract:

A catalyst Co20.0-Ni3.0/-Al2O3 for the synthesis of butyronitriles through the ammoniation of butanols was selected and its structure was characterized. Then, the process and the stability of the catalyst were investigated for the synthesis of butyronitriles through the ammoniation of butanols using Co20.0-Ni3.0/-Al2O3 as catalyst in a fixed-bed reactor. When the reaction was run at 410 ℃(420 ℃) under the parameters which the molar ratio of ammonia to butanol is 3 : 1, LHSV is 0.3 h-1 (0.2 h-1) and pressure is 0.1 MPa, respectively, the conversion of n-butanol (i-butanol) and the yield of n-butyronitrile (isobutyronitrile) were 100% and 81.6 % (80.6 %), respectively. The activity of the catalyst was maintained and the selectivity for butyronitrile decreased less than 1 % after the catalytic run was lasted for 100 h, which revealed that the catalyst has good performance and stability in application.