阻燃型磷酸酯聚硅氧烷的合成与应用

synthetic and application of flame-retardant phosphoester polysiloxane

摘要:

纺织品阻燃整理近年来成为研究热点问题之一。该文以N-β-氨乙基-γ-氨丙基聚二甲基硅氧烷(ASO-1)、环氧氯丙烷、磷酸三丁酯为原料合成了阻燃型磷酸酯聚硅氧烷(PPSO)，红外光谱(IR)和核磁共振氢谱(1H NMR)证实了产物及中间体的化学结构，将PPSO进行乳化得到了透明的乳液，用马尔文纳米粒度仪及Zeta电位仪测出乳液平均粒径为62.5nm，Zeta电位+53.71mV。将所得硅乳应用于棉织物，探讨了阻燃剂用量对整理后织物的性能影响。结果表明整理后的织物具有了阻燃性，最佳阻燃剂用量为200 g•L-1，为了进一步解释纤维阻燃的机理，通过热重分析研究了织物的热裂解过程，结果表明阻燃剂对纤维起到了的脱水、炭化作用，提高了剩炭率。

Abstract:

Flame retardant finishing of textiles is one of the hottest topics in recent years. In this study, flame-retardant phosphoester polysiloxane (PPSO) was synthesized by N-β-aminoethyl-γ-aminopropyl polydimethylsiloxane (ASO-1), epoxy chloropropane and tributyl phosphate. The chemical structure of PPSO and the intermediates were characterized by infrared spectrum (IR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR). Then PPSO was emulsified to obtain transparent emulsion. It was found that the average diameter and the Zeta potential of the emulsion is 62.5nm and +53.71mV respectively by the Malven nanometer particle-size and the Zeta potential analyzer. The emulsion was applied to cotton fabric and the fishing effects of flame retardant agents usage was investigated. Research shows that finished cotton fabric had flammability. The Optimum dosage of the flame retardant was 200g•L-1. By using Thermogravimetry Analysis (TGA), the pyrolysis process of cotton fabrics was studied to explain the flame retardant mechanism of cotton fabrics. The results showed that flame retardant caused fibers to dehydrate and carbonize, increasing the char yield.