α-氯代脂肪酸水热法中性水解合成α-羟基脂肪酸

Hydrothermal synthesis of α-hydroxyl fatty acids through neutral hydrolysis of α-chloro fatty acids

摘要:

开发了一条从天然脂肪酸合成α-羟基脂肪酸(α-HFA)的高产率、低污染且低成本的绿色合成路线，即从天然脂肪酸制备α-氯代脂肪酸(α-CFA)，再以α-CFA为原料通过水热法中性水解合成α-HFA。用GC-MS和IR鉴定了产物的结构，ESI-MS表征了产物的分子量，纯化后α-HFA纯度达99%(GC)以上。探讨了水热中性水解反应中原料配比、反应加水量、反应温度、反应时间等因素对该水热新工艺的影响，结果表明当n(CaCO3) : n(α-CFA) = 1.05 : 1，m(H2O) : m(α-CFA) = 2 : 1, C12~C18的α-氯代天然脂肪酸在155 oC水热条件下反应4 h后α-HFA同系物的产率均高达98%~99%。

Abstract:

α-Hydroxyl fatty acids (α-HFA) were hydrothermally synthesized through neutral hydrolysis of α-chloro fatty acids (α-CFA) derived directly from natural fatty acids, which is a novel green route to synthesize α-HFA from natural fatty acids with the characteristics of high yield, low-cost and environmental-friendly. In this paper, the structure of α-HFA was identified by FTIR and GC-MS and the relative molecular weight was confirmed by ESI-MS. The purity of purified α-HFA as 99% was examined by GC. Moreover, the influence of mass ratios, water dosages, reaction temperatures and reaction time on the hydrothermal synthesis has been studied. The results indicate that the yield of α-hydroxyl natural fatty acid (C12~C18) can reach 98%~99% under the following conditions: n(CaCO3) : n(α-CFA) = 1.05 : 1; m(H2O) : m(α-CFA) = 2 : 1 at 155 oC for 4 hours.