烷基烯丙基马来酸双酯的合成

The Synthesis of Alkyl Allyl-type Maleate Diester

摘要:

采用正辛醇、十二醇、十四醇三个脂肪醇与马来酸酐、氯丙烯反应，合成了三个烯丙基型马来酸双酯。研究了溶剂和催化剂对双酯化反应收率的影响，通过正交实验和单因素实验法对单酯和双酯的反应条件进行优化，得出了最优工艺条件：单酯化反应， n(马来酸酐)∶n(脂肪醇)=1.10∶1.00，温度85℃，时间2h，收率97.6%；双酯化反应， n（辛基马来酸单酯钠盐）：n（氯丙烯）=1：2.5，温度60℃，时间7h，n（十二烷基马来酸单酯钠盐）：（氯丙烯）=1:2，温度60℃，时间6h，n（十四烷基马来酸单酯钠盐）：（氯丙烯）=1:2，温度65℃，时间6h。对合成物用红外光谱和氢核磁共振等进行了表征。

Abstract:

Three allyl-type maleate diesters have been synthesized，use three long-chain fatty alcohols (octanol, dodecanol, tetradecyl alcohol), maleic anhydride, allyl chloride as the main raw material. By orthogonal and single factor experiments, the optimum reaction conditions were obtained as follows, single-esterification reaction, n (maleic anhydride): n (long chain alcohol) = 1.10:1.00, the temperature was 85 ℃, the time was 2h; double-esterification reaction, n(octyl sodium salt of maleic acid monoester) : n (allyl chloride) = 1:2.5, the temperature was 60℃, the time was 7h, n( Dodecyl sodium salt of maleic acid monoester) : n (allyl chloride) = 1:2.0, the temperature was 60℃, the time was 6h, n (tetradecyl sodium salt of maleic acid monoester): (allyl chloride) = 1:2.0, the temperature was 65 ℃, the time was 6h. The products of each step were characterized by IR and 1HNMR.