酸处理凹凸棒黏土对PVA/APT纳米复合膜理化性能的影响

Influence of acidification of APT on properties of PVA/APT nanocomposite films

摘要:

在固液比1:10时，将凹凸棒黏土（APT）分别采用v=1% HCl、H2SO4、H3PO4、HClO4和H4P2O7溶液进行处理。以聚乙烯醇（PVA）和各种酸处理APT为原料，采用溶液-流延成膜法，制备了系列PVA/APT纳米复合膜。采用FTIR、SEM和XRD对PVA/APT纳米复合膜的结构进行了表征，测试了PVA/APT纳米复合膜的力学性能和耐水性能。结果表明，酸处理能溶出APT孔道中的杂质和碳酸盐，提高棒晶束的分散程度，因而APT可均匀分散在PVA基体中。与APT原土相比，酸处理APT明显改善了纳米复合膜的力学性能和耐水性能。其中，以HClO4处理APT时纳米复合膜的性能最优，拉伸强度及断裂延伸率分别提高了29.3%和74.9%，耐水性提高了32.2%。

Abstract:

Aattapulgite (APT) was treated by 1% (v/v) HCl, H2SO4, H3PO4, HClO4 and H4P2O7 solution at a ratio of solid to liquid of 1:10. Poly(vinyl alcohol) / attapulgite (PVA/APT) nanocomposite films with different acids treated APT were prepared using film-casting method. The microstructures of the nanocomposite films were investigated using FTIR, SEM and XRD. The mechanical properties and water-resistance of the nanocomposite films were also tested. The experimental results indicate that the acid treated way can increase the dispersing capability of APT by dissolving the impurities and carbonate in the pore canal, and then APT can be dispersed better in PVA matrix，thus mechanical properties and water-resistance of the nanocomposite films have been significantly improved. Compare to nature APT, when adding APT treated with 1% (v/v) HClO4, the nanocomposite film has optimum performances, and the tensile strength, elongation at break and water resistance of the nanocomposite films have an increase of 29.3%, 74.9% and 32.2%, respectively.