南方红豆杉叶挥发性成分研究

Study on Volatile Components in the leaves of Taxus chinensis var mairei

摘要:

分别以二氯甲烷和乙醚作溶剂并采用低温冷凝，同时蒸馏萃取南方红豆杉干叶挥发性成分，极性色谱柱（DB-WAX）气-质联机分析。鉴定出63种化合物，主要是脂肪族类（60.44%），其次为芳香族类（6.56%），而萜类化合物占比例很小（4.57%）。按两种萃取溶剂所得分析结果平均值，主要成分是十六烷酸（21.19%），十四烷酸（8.87%）、亚麻酸乙酯（3.49%）。相比已有的关于南方红豆杉叶油成分分析的报道，新鉴定出己醛、2-己烯醛、1-辛烯-3-醇、2,4-庚二烯醛、苯甲醛、苯乙酮、苯甲醇等34种有青香、花香、果香香气的微量或痕量低沸点化合物。所鉴定化合物以1,2-二氯苯为内标定量，总含量为88.16 礸/g红豆杉叶。

Abstract:

With methylene dichloride and diethyl ether being the solvent separately, and with low temperature water bath condensation utilized on simultaneous distillation and solvent extraction (SDE), volatiles of the dry leaves of Taxus chinensis var mairei were extracted and then analyzed on a polar column of DB-WAX by GC/MS. Sixty-three compounds were identified, among which the aliphatic class (60.44%) was the most abundant followed by the aromatic (6.56%), whereas the class of terpenoid was rather less (4.57%). Based on average result by the two extraction solvents, hexadecanoic acid (21.19%), tetradecanoic acid (8.87%), and ethyl linolenate (3.49 %) belonged to the majors. In contrast with what had been reported previously on volatile composition of Taxus chinensis var maire, 34 trace components of low boiling point e.g. hexanal, 2-hexenal, 1-octen-3-ol, 2, 4-heptadienal, benzaldehyde, benzyl alcohol, and acetophenone, which have green, floral, and fruity aroma, should be new identifications. Finally, with 1, 2-dichlorobenzene as internal standard, each compound identified was quantified; the total content of them turned out to be 88.16 礸/g of dry leaves.