无皂微乳液聚合制备加脂型复鞣剂的研究

Study on Fatliquoring-retanning agent by soap-free microemulsion conpolymerization

摘要:

采用甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸丁酯、二乙烯基苯、丙烯酸、反应型乳化剂马来酸酐十二醇单酯钾盐和助乳化剂正戊醇制备得到无皂微乳液。在前期微乳液皮革增强复鞣剂研究的基础上，通过正交试验优化出了反应型乳化剂的最佳合成条件,制备出反应型乳化剂——马来酸酐十二醇单酯钾盐，代替外乳化剂十二烷基硫酸钠，进行无皂微乳液聚合制备具有增强作用的加脂型复鞣剂。将制得的加脂型复鞣剂用于猪二层革的复鞣试验，结果表明：反应型乳化剂与混合单体(丙烯酸丁酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯和二乙烯基苯)的质量分别为120g和180g,活性单体丙烯酸质量为10g时对皮革的复鞣效果最好。成革的物理机械性能得到了提高，其横向撕裂强度提高58.8%,纵向撕裂强度提高37.4%，崩破强度提高54.1%。

Abstract:

The soap-free copolymer micro emulsion solutions of methyl methacrylate(MAA), n-butyl arcylate(BA), divinylbenzene and acrylic acid(AA) were prepared by employing potassium salt of maleic anhydride lauryl alcohol monoester as reactive emulsifier, n-amyl alcohol(PA) as co-surfactant and ammonium persulfate(ASP) as free-radical initiator at 75℃. The synthesis condition of reactive emulsifier- potassium salt of maleic anhydride lauryl alcohol monoester was optimized via orthogonal test. Using reactive emulsifier as a substitute for conventional emulsifier, the fatliquoring-retanning agent with a reinforcing effect was synthesized by micro emulsion copolymerization. The experimental product was used in retanning chrome tanned pigskin splits. The effect of the product was observed by measuring leather´s tensile strength, tearing strength and bursting strength. The result showed when the reactive emulsifier and monomer mixture(n-butyl arcylate(BA), methyl methacrylate(MAA) and divinylbenzene) was 120g and 180g, respectively, and the active monomer- acrylic acid was 10g, the retanning effect was best. In addition, the mechanical property of leather was highly improved, the horizontal tear strength was improved by 58.8%, while longitudinal tear strength was improved by 37.4%, and burst strength was improved by 54.1 %.