双子表面活性剂（C16-2-C16﹒2Br-）的合成及粘度行为

Synthesis and Viscosity Behavior of Gemini Surfactant C16-2-C16?Br-

摘要:

采用溴代十六烷与N,N,N',N'-四甲基乙二胺为原料合成了双子表面活性剂C16-2-C16?Br-，通过单因素法考察了原料配比、反应温度和反应时间对目标产物产率的影响，确立最佳合成工艺为：溴代十六烷与N,N,N',N'-四甲基乙二胺摩尔比为2.1，反应温度为80℃，反应时间为24h，产率达到88.5%。通过红外光谱和核磁共振氢谱对产物结构进行了表征。对不同条件下产物水溶液粘度进行了测试，考察了溶液质量浓度、温度和剪切速率对C16-2-C16.2Br-水溶液粘度的影响。发现C16-2-C16?Br-具有良好的溶液增影响，随温度和剪切速率的升高，产物水溶液粘度呈现急剧下降后平稳的趋势，表现出有意的耐温耐剪切性能；通过Ostwald-de Wale幂律方程，得出流动指数n<0.6，表明产物属于典型的假塑性流体。

Abstract:

An ammonium gemini surfactant (C16-2-C16?Br-) was synthesized by Bromohexadecane and N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-ethylenediamine. The synthetic technology was optimized by single factor analysis method. The optimical synthesis condition was received when the molar ratio of Bromohexadecane and N,N,N',N'–tetramethyl- ethylenediamine was 2.1, reaction temperature and time were 80℃and 24h, respectively. The chemical structure was characterized by Infrared Spectroscopy and 1HNMR. The influencing factors, such as surfactant mass concentration, temperature and shear rate, on the viscosity behavior of C16-2-C16?Br- solution were investigated. The viscosity of the gemini surfactant solution increase with the rise of mass concentration, decline sharply and then essentially unchange with the increase of temperature and shear rate. The flow index was lower than 0.6, calculated by Ostwald-de Wale power-law equation, and it indicates that the solution is pseudoplastic fluid.