液相化学还原法制备单分散的纳米银粒子

Synthesis of monodisperse silver nanoparticles by wet-chemical reduction method

摘要:

以月桂酸为修饰剂，水合肼为还原剂，银氨溶液为银源，在水相中利用液相化学还原法成功的制备了单分散的粒径分布均匀的纳米银粒子。利用透射电子显微镜（TEM），X射线衍射（XRD）对样品的形貌和结构进行了分析，研究表明，修饰剂与硝酸银的质量比、反应温度对纳米银形貌及粒径有着很大的影响。当修饰剂与硝酸银的质量比为1.2：1、反应温度为室温时，能够制备平均粒径为8 nm、粒径均匀、单分散的纳米银粒子。另外，UV光谱也证实，所制的溶胶为粒径均匀的纳米银溶胶。

Abstract:

Silver nanoparticles with narrow distribution were prepared by a simple route in water in presence of lauric acid as the capping agents, hydrazine hydrate as reducing agents, silver ammonia as silver source. The morphology and crystal structure of as-synthesised silver nanoparticles were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy and X-ray powder diffraction. The mass ratio of lauric acid and silver nitrate, the reacion temperature pay important roles on the morphology and size of the silver nanoparticles. Well-dispersed silver anopartilces with average diameter of 8 nm were obtained when the mass ratio of lauric acid and silver nitrate was 1.2:1 and the reacion temperature was room temperature. It is also confirmed that the silver particels was monodisperse silver nanoparticles by UV-vis spectra .