不同分散剂对聚天冬氨酸吸水树脂性能的影响

Effect of Different Dispersants on Properties of Poly(aspartic acid) Superabsorbent Polymer

摘要:

在聚天冬氨酸（PAsp）吸水树脂制备过程中，分别以去离子水、甲醇、乙醇、正丁醇为分散剂加入到聚琥珀酰亚胺（PSI）溶液中使之成一均匀体系，在此体系中加入交联剂1,6-己二胺制备了具有三维网络结构的环保型高吸水树脂，并利用FT-IR、SEM、TG等手段对其微观结构进行了测试。通过比对四种分散剂对PAsp吸水树脂吸液性能的影响，得出以下结论：不论是何种分散剂，适量的单独加入均可显著提高吸水树脂的吸液倍率，其中以去离子水为优，在蒸馏水和生理盐水中的吸液倍率分别达945 g.g-1和94 g.g-1；以正丁醇作分散剂可明显提高吸水树脂的吸液速率，吸液7h即可达溶胀平衡；以去离子水与正丁醇的质量比为7:3的混合溶剂作为分散剂时，树脂的吸水性能较纯水与纯正丁醇要好，吸水6h后即达吸液平衡，吸水倍率可达1004 g.g-1；PAsp树脂的吸水性能随着干燥次数的增加而逐渐下降，干燥5次后树脂的吸水倍率仍能达到400g.g-1，说明PAsp树脂具有较好的重复吸水性能。

Abstract:

In the process of synthesis of poly(aspartic acid) superabsorbent polymer, de-ionized water，methanol，ethanol and n-butanol were added into the solution of PSI, respectively, and a homogeneous system was achieved. After that, 1,6-hexamethylene diamine acted as cross-linking agent was added. Finally, biodegradable superabsorbent resin with three-dimensional structure was prepared. For further identification of microstructures of this resin, transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermo-gravimetry analyses (TG) had been used. In this paper, by comparing the influence of these four kinds of dispersants on the water absorption performances of PAsp resin, it was concluded as follows: whichever dispersant, when added moderately, could markedly improve the water-swelling ratio of PASP resin, whereby, water was prefer. The PAsp polymer using water as dispersant had a 945 g.g-1 water-swelling ratio in de-ionized water and 94 g.g-1 in a 0.9% sodium chloride solution; While n-butyl alcohol was served as dispersant, there was a higher fluid absorption rate for the PAsp resin, which could reach swelling equilibrium in 7 hours. In addition, when mixed solvent composed of deionized water and n-butanol, the mass ratio of which was 7:3, was used as dispersant, the water absorption performance of resin was superior to pure water and pure butanol. The resin could reach swelling equilibrium in 6 hours, and its water-swelling ratio in deionized water was up to 1004 g.g-1.The absorbent properties for PAsp resin would gradually decrease with the increasing of drying times. After 5 times, the swelling ratio of PAsp could still achieve 400 g.g-1, indicating that the resin had a good repeated bibulous performance.