1,4-丁二醇双子琥珀酸聚醚(3)异辛基混合双酯磺酸钠的合成与性能

Synthesis and Properties of 1,4-butanediol Gemini Sodium Lauryl Polyoxyethene(3) Isooctyl Sulfosuccinat

摘要:

采用自制的碳基固体酸为双酯化反应催化剂，反应过程无需溶剂、中间产物无需分离等对环境友好的工艺，在常压下合成了1,4-丁二醇双子琥珀酸聚醚(3)异辛基混合双酯磺酸钠（GSS4AEO3-62）。对各步反应条件进行了考察，得到的最佳工艺条件为：单酯化反应：n(顺酐):n(1,4-丁二醇)=2.15:1.00，反应温度110℃，反应时间2.0h，在此条件下得到产率为99.23%的单酯化产物；双酯化反应Ⅰ：n(顺酐):n(聚醚(3))=1.00:0.55，ω（碳基固体酸）=1%（以顺酐质量计），反应温度170℃，反应时间2.0h，双酯化反应Ⅱ：n(顺酐):n(异辛醇)=1.00:0.60，反应温度220℃，反应时间4.5h，在此条件下得到产率为94.36%的双酯化产物；磺化反应：n(顺酐) :n(亚硫酸氢钠) =1.00:1.05，反应温度140℃，反应时间5.5h。产物经IR、GC/MS进行结构表征，测定了其表面性能和应用性能和毒理性，并与磺基琥珀酸聚醚（3）异辛基混合双酯钠（AEOSS3）、1,4-丁二醇双子琥珀酸二异辛酯磺酸钠（GSS462）进行了比较。结果表明，GSS4AEO3-62的临界胶束浓度比AEOSS3 、GSS462低1~2个数量级，而且毒性低。

Abstract:

1,4-butanediol Gemini Sodium lauryl polyoxyethene(3) iso-octyl sulfosuccinate was synthesized under normal pressure by using carbon-based solid acid as the catalyst in esterification，an environmentally friendly process where purification and separation of the intermediates and organic solvents in reaction esterification is unnecessary. The optimum reaction conditions were as follows: For the single esterification ， n (maleic anhydride) : n (1, 4 - butanediol) = 2.15:1.00, and reacted at 110℃ for 2.0h with the yield of 99.23%.For the diesterificationⅠ: n (maleic anhydride) : n (lauryl polyoxyethene(3)) = 1.00:0.55, ω (carbonyl solid acid) = 1%(with the quality of maleic anhydride calculated), and reacted at 170℃ for 2.0h. For the diesterification Ⅱ: n (maleic anhydride) : n (iso-octanol) = 1.00:0.60, and reacted at 220℃ for 4.5h with the yield of 94.36%. For the sulfonation reaction: n (maleic anhydride) : n (sodium hydrogen sulfite) = 1.00:1.05, and reacted at 140℃ for 5.5h with the target product. The structure of product was characterized by IR spectrum and GC/MS, the surface properties and application properties were measured, and it was compared with sodium lauryl polyoxyethene(3) isoctyl sulfosuccinate (AEOSS3) and 1, 4 - butanediol Gemini sodium diisooctyl sulfosuccinate(GSS462).The results showed that the critical micelle concentration of GSS4AEO3-62 reduced one to two orders of magnitude than AEOSS3 and GSS462 and the toxicity were also low.