次磷酸铝阻燃剂的合成及应用

Synthesis and applications of aluminium hypophosphite flame retardant

摘要:

采用一水次磷酸钠和十八水硫酸铝为原料，合成了一种高效无卤的新型阻燃剂次磷酸铝（PAH），当反应温度为90 ℃，次磷酸钠与硫酸铝摩尔比为7.5:1，反应时间为3 h时,产率可达98.5%，通过红外光谱仪、电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱仪等对产品结构进行了表征，并研究了PAH在硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料(PU硬泡)中的应用，结果表明：经阻燃改性的PU硬泡材料氧指数达30，垂直燃烧UL94达V-0级。本方法工艺简便，绿色环保，易工业化。

Abstract:

A novel halogen-free flame retardant aluminium hypophosphite (PAH) was synthesized by sodium hypophosphite monohydrate and aluminum sulfate octadecahydrate as base material． The optimal reaction conditions were obtained:The reaction temperature being 90 ℃, the molar ratio of sodium hypophosphite monohydrate to aluminium sulfate octadecahydrate being 7.5:1.0 and the reaction time being 3 h,the yield of aluminium hypophosphite was up to 98.5%.The structure of product was characterized by means of infrared spectrometer and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer. The application of PAH to polyurethane foam was investigated.The results show that the flame retardant polyurethane foam has LOI 30 and UL94 V-0.This method was simple, environmental and easy to realize industrialization.