利用生物基腰果酚分子改性制备新型环氧化增塑剂合成研究

A Study about A Novel Epoxidized Plasticizer Prepared by Modification of Bio Cardanol

摘要:

以生物基腰果酚(cardanol)原料，对甲苯磺酸为催化剂，与乙酸酐进行酯化反应得到腰果酚乙酸酯(CA)；然后，以甲酸为催化剂，双氧水为氧源合成环氧腰果酚乙酸酯(ECA)。考查了双氧水的浓度、甲酸和双氧水用量、反应温度、反应时间等对产品环氧值的影响。确定了最佳工艺条件：n (甲酸) : n (H2O2) : n (CA中双键)=0.2 : 1.5 : 1、反应温度为65 oC、反应时间为6 h。在最优条件下得到的产品为黄色透明油状液体，其环氧值可达到6.8 %。傅里叶红外 (FT-IR) 对CA及ECA进行结构表征，测定了ECA的酸值、加热减量、黏度、热重曲线等。结果表明，ECA符合环保增塑剂的产品性能要求。

Abstract:

Cardanol acetate (CA) was synthesized with bio-based cardanol reacted with acetic anhydride catalyzed by toluene sulfonic. The second step, that is, cardanol acetate (CA) was epoxidized by hydrogen peroxide as a clean oxidant and formic acid was deployed as catalyst. Herein, the influences of several related factors on the epoxy value of product, such as the concentration of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), the amounts of formic acid and hydrogen peroxide, reaction temperature, and reaction time were discussed. Based on aforementioned rules, the optimum condition was concluded as follows: 70 % H2O2, n (formic acid) : n (H2O2) : n (the amount of double bond in CA)=0.2 : 1.5 : 1, the reaction temperature was 65 oC and the reaction time was 6 h. Furthermore, the epoxy value of the final product under present condition was 6.8 % and a yellow transparent oily liquid was obtained. Simultaneously, the acid value, heat weight loss, viscosity and TG curves of the product were also investigated, respectively. As a result, ECA can satisfy the requirements of plasticizer.