二烯丙基甲基胺/溴代烷系列季铵盐的合成与表征

Synthesis and Characterization of Quaternary Ammonium Salts of Diallylmethylalkylamine/Bromoalkane

摘要:

以二烯丙基甲基胺（DAM）和不同碳链的1-溴代直链烷为主要原料，合成了4种二烯丙基甲基烷基（C12、C14、C16、C18）溴化铵单体，考察了反应温度、反应时间、原料摩尔配比及溶剂种类对产物收率的影响，优化了合成条件，用IR、1HNMR和13CNMR对产物结构进行了表征。结果表明：乙醇是合适的溶剂，较佳反应温度为60～65℃，反应时间为72～78h，DAM与溴代烷的摩尔比为1:1.1，产物收率分别为80.05%、78.52%、76.90%和62.82 %，产物具有预期结构，并在极性溶剂中溶解性较好。上述工作为相应聚合物的制备及其结构与性能关系的研究奠定基础。

Abstract:

Four kinds of diallylmethylalkyl(C12,C14,C16,C18) ammonium bromide were synthesized by using diallylmethylamine and 1-bromoalkane straight chain alkanes as raw materials.The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, molar ratio of raw materials and solvents type on product yields were discussed.The synthesis conditions were optimized. Structures of the products were characterized by IR, 1HNMR and 13CNMR.The results showed that solvent of ethanol was appropriate, the better reaction temperature was 60-65℃, reaction time was 72-78h and molar ratio of DAM to bromoalkane was 1:1.1,the product yields were 80.05%,78.52%, 76.90% and 62.82% for diallylmethylalkyl(C12，C14，C16，C18) ammonium bromide,respectivly,under the optimum synthetic conditions. The obtained products have expected structures and good solubility in polar solvents. The present work would be the foundation for further researche on preparation and the relationship between structure and properties of the corresponding polymers.