不同离子类型聚氨酯/纳米SiO2复合乳液的制备及性能比较

Preparation and performance comparison of different ionic polyurethane/ nano-SiO2 composite emulsions

摘要:

分别采用2，2-二羟甲基丙酸、N-甲基二乙醇胺和聚醚二元醇作为亲水基团，γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷（KH-550）为预聚体封端剂，采用溶胶凝胶法合成阴（ASPU）、阳（CSPU）和非离子型(NSPU)聚氨酯/纳米SiO2的复合乳液。采用粒径分析、SEM、FT-IR、DSC、TGA、XRD和拉力机等对3种复合材料的乳液状态、膜结构和性能进行表征。结果显示，在软硬段结构相同的条件下，NSPU的平均粒径最大；复合材料中PBA2000的结晶度大小的顺序为：NSPU>CSPU>ASPU；拉伸强度和邵氏硬度大小的顺序：ASPU>CSPU>NSPU；ASPU和CSPU胶膜的力学性能、热性能和耐水性较好，NSPU胶膜的柔顺性和耐酸碱性较好。

Abstract:

Anionic hydrophilic monomer (ASPU), cationic (CSPU) and nonionic (NSPU) polyurethane/nano SiO2 composite emulsions were synthesized by 2,2-dihydroxy methyl propionic acid (DMPA)， methyl diethanolamine (MDEA) and polyethylene glycol (YMER N-120) with sol-gel procedures, respectively. KH-550 was the capping agent of prepolymer. SEM， TGA， FTIR， DSC， XRD and tensile testing machine were performed on the films to test the surface appearance, thermal properties, the structure and mechanical properties of the composite films. The results showed that the average particle size of NSPU was the biggest. The order of crystallinity: NSPU>CSPU>ASPU; The order of tensile strength and shore hardness: ASPU>CSPU>NSPU. Anionic hydrophilic monomer and cationic (CSPU) polyurethane/nano SiO2 composite films had better thermal properties, water resistance and mechanical properties；nonionic (NSPU) polyurethane/nano SiO2 composite films had better flexibility, alkali resistance and acid resistance.