一种胺基型阳离子表面活性剂的合成及其溶液性能研究

The Synthesis of an Novel quaternary ammonium Cationic Surfactant and Its Solution Properties

摘要:

该文以2-氯乙胺盐酸盐和十八烷基叔胺为原料，合成了一种胺基型阳离子表面活性剂——N-十八烷基-N,N’-二甲基-乙基-1,2-胺，通过IR和1HNMR对其结构进行了确证，并得到了优化的合成条件：物料比nb/na 为1.20，反应温度为70 oC，反应时间为7 h，pH为7。此外，采用电导法测定了该种表面活性剂的临界胶束浓度(CMC)随着pH的降低而减小。该表面活性剂在NaSal质量百分浓度为1%条件下，能形成蠕虫状胶束。流变性能测试表明，体系具有蠕虫状胶束的剪切稀释性特征和凝胶特性，同时具有pH响应，能在酸性条件下增黏，是一种智能型蠕虫状胶束体系。

Abstract:

A novel quaternary ammonium cationic surfactant (N-octadecyl-N, N’-dimethyl-ethane-1, 2-diamine, C18DEDAM) was synthesized by 2-Chloroethylamine hydrochloride and Octadecyl dimethyl amine (C18DAM) at 70oC for 7h under the condition that the pH value was 7, and the compound structure was confirmed by IR and 1HNMR. The cmc was measured by conductivity measurement, and the cmc value is 4.6?0-3mol/L. C18DEDAM can form wormlike micelles as the NaSal concentration is 1 wt%. The shearing test shows that C18DEDAM-NaSal system has the shearing thinning ability that is the characteristic of wormlike micelles, and the viscoelastic test indicates that the system shows the characteristic of gel. Besides the surfactant can achieve high viscosity in acid condition, which indicate it is one kind of smart viscoelastic surfactant.