几种不同双癸基反离子季铵盐表面活性剂 的性能研究

Properties of Several Didecyl Quaternary Ammonium Salts with Novel Counterions

摘要:

为了探讨不同反离子对季铵盐表面活性剂性能的影响，本文研究了双癸基二甲基甲酸铵(DDAF)、双癸基二甲基乙酸铵(DDAA)、双癸基二甲基丙酸铵(DDAP)、双癸基二甲基丁酸铵(DDAE)、双癸基二甲基氯化铵(DDAC)、双癸基二甲基硝酸铵(DDAN) 6种不同反离子季铵盐，测定了它们的表面活性及其应用性能。研究表明DDAF、DDAA、DDAP和DDAE的cmc值和γcmc值均比传统表面活性剂DDAC的数值大，DDAN具有比传统DDAC更高的表面活性；DDAF、DDAA、DDAP、DDAE的乳化、润湿能力良好，具有低泡的特点，而DDAN有着比传统DDAC更优异的发泡力、乳化力和润湿力；DDAF、DDAA、DDAP、DDAE和DDAN对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抑菌能力均比DDAC的抑菌能力更强。

Abstract:

Various quaternary ammonium salts with formate (DDAF), acetate (DDAA), propionate (DDAP), ethacetate (DDAE), chloridion (DDAC) and nitrate (DDAN) being counter ions were researched. The surface activities and potential application were measured. We find it is interesting to notice that DDAF, DDAA, DDAP and DDAE have the higher value of the critical micelle concentration and the minimum surface tension than traditional surfactant DDAC, and DDAN shows higher surface activities than traditional surfactant DDAC. DDAF, DDAA, DDAP and DDAE show excellent emulsifying performance and wetting power ability, while its foaming power is low. In addition DDAN has higher foaming power, emulsifying performance and wetting power than DDAC. Moreover, the bacteriostatic tests show that DDAF, DDAA, DDAP, DDAE and DDAN have greater efficacy than DDAC against E. coli and S. aureus.