一种氟硅表面活性剂的合成及其表面活性

Preparation and Surface Activity of Fluorosilicon Surfactant

摘要:

研究了2-甲基-2-[全氟-2-甲基-3-氧代己酰氧基]乙氧基羰基乙基甲基二聚氧乙烯基硅烷（V）的制备方法和表面活性。以甲基丙烯酸-2-[全氟-2-甲基-3-氧代己酰氧基]乙基酯（I）和甲基二氯硅烷（II）为原料，在Karstedt 催化剂存在下发生硅氢化反应，得到2-甲基-2-[全氟-2-甲基-3-氧代己酰氧基]乙氧基羰基乙基甲基二氯硅烷（III），III与聚乙二醇（IV）缩合反应得到非离子表面活性剂V。用FTIR和MS对其结构进行了表征，优化了硅氢化反应工艺条件，测试了V溶液的表面张力和临界胶束浓度(CMC)和处理玻璃后的疏水性能。中间体III的较优合成条件为: 以四氢呋喃为溶剂，n (I ): n (II) = 1.2∶1，50 篊下反应28 h，转化率68.2%。表面活性剂V水溶液的CMC为0.52 g/L，此时的表面张力为22.8 mN/m，V的THF溶液处理玻璃后，玻璃表面具有很好的疏水性和较好的疏油性。

Abstract:

Abstract: Preparation and surface activity of 2-methyl-2-[perfluoro-2-methyl-3-oxocaproyloxyl] ethoxycarbonyl ethylmethyldipolyethoxylsilicane (V) were investigated. 2-methyl-2-[perfluoro-2- methyl-3-oxocaproyloxyl] ethoxycarbonyl ethylmethyldichlorosilicane (III) was synthesized from 2-[perfluoro-2-methyl-3-oxocaproyloxyl] ethyl methacrylate （I）and methyldichlorosilicane (II) by hydrosilication in the presence of Karstedt catalyst. III reacted with polyglycol （IV）to give non-surfactant V which was characterized by FTIR and MS and its surface activities were investigated. The reaction conditions of hydrosilication were optimized. n (I ): n (II) = 1.2∶1, I and II reacted in THF at 50℃ in the presence of 0.5% Karstedt catalyst( calculated by quality of I ) for 28h to give III at conversatin 68.2 %. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of aqueous solution of V was 0.52 g/L, surface tension of which at CMC (γcmc) was 22.8 mN/m. Glass surface treated by THF solution of V shows excellent hydrophobic and good oilphobic performances.