季铵盐有机硅双子表面活性剂的合成及性能研究

Synthesis and Properties of Quaternary Ammonium Organic Silicon Gemini Surfactant

摘要:

以丙酮和正己烷为溶剂，聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚和羟基封端聚二甲基硅氧烷为主要原料在四丁基溴化铵（TBAB）和氢氧化钠（NaOH）的催化下合成环氧基聚醚改性硅氧烷（EPEPS），再与N,N二甲基长链烷基胺（CmH2m 1NH(CH3)2）在无水乙醇溶剂中、盐酸催化下进行季铵化反应，制备季铵盐型有机硅双子表面活性剂（m-psi-m），通过IR和1HNMR对目标产物进行结构表征，研究m-psi-m中疏水链长度对其表面活性、临界胶束浓度、润湿性能以及乳化稳定性的影响。结果表明，随着疏水链长度的增加，m-psi-m的表面活性和润湿性能下降，临界胶束浓度增大，乳化稳定性增强。

Abstract:

Polyether ploysiloxane(EPEPS) was synthesized by ployethylene glycol diglycidyl ether and polydimethylsiloxane using TBAB and NaOH as catalyst, acetone and n-hexane as solvent. Then, quaternary ammonium organic silicon gemini surfactants (m-psi-m) were synthesized by quaternarization of EPEPS with N,N-dimethyl long chain alkyl amine in the presence of anhydrous ethanol and HCl aqueous solution. The structure of m-psi-m was analyzed using IR and 1HNMR. The influences of hydrophobic chain length of m-psi-m on their surface activity, critical micelle concentration, wetting ability and emulsifying stability were investigated in detail. Experimental results show that with increasing of hydrophobic chain length, surface activity and wetting performance of m-psi-m decreased, critical micelle concentration and emulsifying stability increased.