细乳液聚合法制备高固含量聚丙烯酸酯乳液及性能

Preparation and Performance of High Solid Content Polyacrylate by Miniemulsion Polymerization

摘要:

以十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）为乳化剂，正丁醇为助稳定剂，通过细乳液聚合法制备了固含量高达60%的聚丙烯酸酯乳液。考察了SDS用量对乳液凝胶率、转化率、旋转粘度等的影响，研究了固含量对乳液旋转粘度、粒径大小及分布的影响。结果表明：随着SDS用量的增加，乳液凝胶率先降低后增加，转化率变化较小，旋转粘度增加；随着理论固含量的增加，乳液旋转粘度明显增加，粒径大小及分布明显增大；TEM表征结果与粒径测试结果一致，高固含量乳液呈现出较宽的粒径分布。将该乳液应用于皮革涂饰工艺中，结果表明：涂饰后革样力学性能与市售同类皮革涂饰剂相当，耐干湿擦、透气性能都有所提高。

Abstract:

The polyacrylate emulsions with 60% solid content were prepared by miniemulsion polymerization via sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as emulsifier and n-butanol as co-stabilizer. The effects of SDS content on the gel rate, conversion rate and rotational viscosity of high solid emulsion were investigated. Furthermore, the emulsion viscosity, particle size and distribution of polyacrylate emulsions were studied with increase of solid content. The results showed that emulsion gels decreased first and then increased, conversion rate was not changed obviously, rotary viscosity increased with the increase of the amount of SDS. With the increase of emulsion solid content, the emulsion viscosity, particle size and distribution increased significantly. The results of TEM that were high solid content emulsion showed wider particle size distribution, which was consistent with DLS results. Application results showed that dry-wet rubbing fastness and gas permeability treated with high solid content emulsion were improved, the mechanical properties were not change compared with these of the commercial leather finishing agent.