氟硅油合成工艺与应用性能研究进展（特约稿件）

Progress and Trend in the Synthesis and Application of Fluorine Contained Silicone Oil

摘要:

氟硅油结合了氟碳材料与有机硅各自的优点，具有优异的耐温、润滑等表面性能，在石油化工、纺织、机械等众多领域中得到广泛应用。本文总结了氟硅油的制备方法，包括硅氢加成法、水解法、开环聚合法，并讨论了分子结构对性能的影响，包括氟硅油多种界面功能的作用机理、氟-硅协同效应等。此外，文章还介绍了氟硅油作为润滑剂、消泡剂、整理剂、超疏水材料的研究应用现状。氟硅油应用过程中，以有机磷化合物、硅醇铁等为添加剂能有效提升氟硅油的抗剪切性、抗氧化性；在分子链中引入聚醚或氨基等制备共改性硅油，能够有效的提升氟硅油的表面性能。最后对于氟硅油的的发展方向和应用前景进行了展望。

Abstract:

Fluorine contained polysiloxanes exhibit the advantages of both fluorine and silicone, such as excellent thermal resistance, lubricity, and surface property. They are widely applied in many fields, such as petrochemicals, textile, machinery, etc. This paper reviews the preparation of fluorine contained polysiloxanes, such as hydrosilylation, hydrolysis and ring-opening polymerization. The relationship between their molecular structure and properties are discussed, such as interaction mechanism of fluorine contained silicone oil with different material interfaces and the corrdination effect of fluorine and silicone. Their applications as lubricants, antifoaming agents, finishing agents, and super hydrophobic materials are also introduced. Through molecular chain structure modification, as well as adding suitable additives (such as organophosphine and ferrous-organic compounds), the surface properties of fluorine contained polysiloxanes, including anti-oxidation stability and anti-wear properties are hopefully to be largely enhanced.