超临界CO2萃取烟草致香物质的工艺优化

The Process Optimization of the Aroma Components of Tobacco by Supercritical CO2 Extraction

摘要:

以废弃烟末为原料，优化了超临界CO2萃取烟草致香物质的工艺条件，以超临界萃取物（超提物）收率、类胡萝卜素降解产物含量作为评价指标，考察了夹带剂种类、夹带剂用量、萃取温度、萃取压力、CO2流量等因素对萃取效果的影响，并对不同夹带剂所得超提物分别进行了卷烟加香感官评吸实验。结果显示：1, 2-丙二醇为夹带剂时所得超提物添加至卷烟中并进行评吸加香口感较好，香气质、香气量和余味有所增加，烟气细腻，刺激性减少。超临界CO2萃取的最佳工艺条件为：以1, 2-丙二醇做夹带剂，用量为废弃烟末投料质量的10%（质量分数）、萃取温度40 ℃、萃取压力25 MPa、CO2流量2.0 L/min，萃取时间3 h，此条件下超提物收率为18.74%，类胡萝卜素降解产物含量为5.56%。

Abstract:

The aroma components of tobacco were extracted by supercritical fluid extraction technology from discarded tobacco. In study, we took the extraction yield, the content of carotenoids and major carotenoid degradation products as evaluation indicators.The influence of operation conditions such as entrainer species, the amount of entrainer, extraction temperature, extraction pressure and flow rate of CO2 were investigated. And the essential oils extracted with different entrainers were added into cigarettes as flavors, and sensory evaluation was conducted. The results showed that the most effective entrainer was 1, 2-propanediol. The essential oils extracted with it had better quality, and it effectively improved the taste, enhanced aroma quality, aroma quantity and reduced the irritancy of cigarette smoke. The optimum conditions were choosing 1,2-propanediol as entrainer with 10% by weight, extraction temperature of 40 ℃, extraction pressure of 25 MPa, CO2 flow rate of 2.0 L/min, extract time of 3 h.Under these conditions, the extraction yield was 18.74% and the extraction yield of the content of major carotenoid degradation products was 5.56%.