全氟丁基丙烯酸酯拒水剂的合成及其应用

Synthesis of Perfluorobutyl Acrylate Water Repellent and its Application

摘要:

以短碳链含氟单体N-甲基全氟丁基磺酰胺基乙基丙烯酸酯(C4氟酯)、甲基丙烯酸十八烷基酯（SMA）、甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)和偏二氯乙烯(VDC)为聚合单体，采用半连续种子乳液聚合法制备了短碳链全氟丁基丙烯酸酯（PC4FA）共聚物乳液，并将其应用于织物整理上。采用FTIR、XPS表征了共聚物的结构和表面元素组成，利用AFM、SEM观察了短碳链全氟丁基丙烯酸酯拒水剂整理前后棉织物的表面形态变化。考察了拒水剂中含氟单体用量、拒水剂质量分数、焙烘温度和焙烘时间对织物拒水效果的影响。优化的整理工艺为：拒水剂中含氟单体质量分数为51.02%，拒水剂质量分数1.8%，焙烘温度180℃，焙烘时间5min。经该工艺整理后的棉织物对水的接触角可达142.5°，拒水等级为100分。

Abstract:

perfluorobutyl acrylate copolymer(PC4FA) emulsion having short carbon chain is prepared by the semi-continuous seed emulsion polymerization with acrylate monomer containing a short perfluoroalkyl chain 2-(N-methyl perfluorobutyl sulfonamido) ethyl acrylate(C4), stearyl methylacrylate(SMA), methyl methacrylate(MMA) and vinylidene chloride(VDC) as the monomer, and then the copolymer emulsion is applied to fabric finishing. The structure and surface element composition of the copolymer were investigated by FT-IR and XPS. The AFM and SEM were used to observe the cotton fabric surface treated with and without perfluorobutyl short carbon chain acrylate water-repellent agent. The influences of dosage of fluorinated acrylate monomer, the concentration of water-repellent finishing agent, curing temperature and time on water repellent property of cotton fabric were investigated. The optimum finishing process was: the mass content of fluorinated acrylate monomer was 51.02% of the copolymer, the mass fraction of finishing agent was 1.8%, curing temperature was 180℃, curing time was 5min. The finished cotton fabric with above process had excellent water repellency property with water contact angle up to 142.5°, water repellent grade was 100.