2-甲基-2-硝基-1-叠氮丙烷合成方法研究

Study on Synthesis of 2-Methyl-2-Nitro-1-Azido-Propane

摘要:

以2-甲基-2-硝基丙醇为初始原料，经两步反应得到2-甲基-2-硝基叠氮丙烷.产物结构经过IR和NMR检测。通过对实验条件的考察，确定了以三乙胺为缚酸剂、三甲胺盐酸盐为催化剂，合成2-甲基-2-硝基丙基甲磺酸酯的最优条件：（n）2-甲基-2-硝基丙醇：（n）MsCl:（n）三乙胺：（n）三甲胺盐酸盐=1:1.2:1:0.05、二氯甲烷为溶剂，在室温下反应大约2.5h,收率为93.3%。接着考察合成2-甲基-2-硝基叠氮丙烷的最佳条件：（n）2-甲基-2-硝基-丙基甲磺酸酯:(n)叠氮化钠：1:1.5,(DMSO:H2O)ml=10:1,在120℃下反应24h，产率可由30%提高到93.7%。经过两步优化，高产率获得目标化合物，更适合工业化生产。

Abstract:

2-methyl-2-nitro-1-azidopropane was synthesized from 2-methyl-2-nitropropanol via a two-step procedure. The structure of the targeted product was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR).According to the study of experimental conditions,the optimum conditions for the synthesis of 2-methyl-2-nitropropyl methanesulfonate were that using triethylamine as acid binding agent and trimethylamine hydrochloride as catalyst,the ratio of reactants is(n）2-methyl-2-nitropropanol: (n) MsCl: (n) Et3N: (n) Me3N.HCl= 1: 1.2: 1: 0.05.And then, the optimum conditions for the synthesis of 2-methyl-2-nitroazepine were determined as follows:(n) 2-methyl-2-nitro-propyl methanesulfonate: (n) NaN3=1:1.5,(DMSO: water )volume=10:1 ,and the reaction was carried out at 120℃ for 24 h.The yield can be increased from 30% to 93.7%. After two steps of optimization, we can obtain the target compound that was high yield as well as more suitable for industrial production.