含氟丙烯酸酯改性水性硝化纤维乳液的制备及其性能

Preparation and Properties of Waterborne nitrocellulose Emulsion Modified by Fluoroacrylate

摘要:

以硝化纤维 (NC) 、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯 (IPDI)、丙烯酸(AA)、丙烯酸羟乙酯 (HEMA)、全氟辛基乙基丙烯酸酯 (FA) 、三乙胺 (TEA) 为主要原料，采用自乳化法制备含氟丙烯酸酯改性水性硝化纤维乳液 (WNC)。通过傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、透射电子显微镜(TEM) 、纳米粒度仪、动态流变仪以及视频光学接触角测定仪对所制乳液及薄膜进行了结构和性能表征，并考察了单体聚合温度、n（AA）: n（HEMA）、含氟丙烯酸酯质量分数（占总反应物用量）对乳液及其薄膜性能的影响。结果表明，所得WNC乳液性能稳定，乳液胶粒呈球形，具有核-壳结构。当单体聚合温度为60℃，n（AA）: n（HEMA）= 3:1，含氟丙烯酸酯质量分数为1% 时，所得乳液粒径较小且分布窄，平均粒径和分散系数分别是54nm和0.042；改性后的乳液薄膜吸水率降低至2.0%，薄膜接触角增加至120°，相比较未改性的WNC乳液, 改性后的WNC乳液薄膜具有优异的耐水性。

Abstract:

With nitrocellulose(NC),isophorone diisocyanate(IPDI),acrylic acid(AA),hydroxyethyl methacrylate(HEMA),perfluoroalkyl ethyl acrylates(FA) and triethylamin(TEA) as main raw materials,the waterborne nitrocellulose emulsion modified by fluoroacrylate(WNC) were prepared by self emulsification.structure and properties of emulsion and thin film were characterized by FTIR,TEM,nano particle size analyzer,dynamic rheometer and contact angle analizer,the effects of monomer polymerization temperature,the n(AA):n(HEMA) and the amount of fluoroacrylate on the properties of emulsion and thin film were also studied.The results show that the WNC emulsion showed a stable performance and the particles of emulsion were regularly spherical with a core-shell structure.When the monomer polymerization temperature was 60℃,the n(AA):n (HEMA) was 3:1 and the mass fraction of fluoroacrylate was 1%, the particle size of WNC emulsion was smaller with narrow particle size distribution.The average particle size and polydispersity index(PDI) were 54nm and 0.042, respectively.Compared with WNC films unmodified,the water absorption of the modified WNC films was reduced to 2.0% and contact angle was increased to 120 °,which exhibited the modified WNC film has excellent water resistance.