聚丙烯酸酯/海胆状中空ZnO复合薄膜的制备及性能

Preparation and Properties of Polyacrylate/Hollow Urchin-like ZnO Composite Film

摘要:

采用两步水热法制备了海胆状中空ZnO，然后通过物理共混法将海胆状中空ZnO引入聚丙烯酸酯乳液中，制备得到聚丙烯酸酯/海胆状中空ZnO复合乳液并对其进行成膜处理。对复合薄膜透水汽性、耐水性、力学性能、紫外透过率及抗菌性能进行了检测，进一步探讨了海胆状中空ZnO用量对聚丙烯酸酯/海胆状中空ZnO复合薄膜基本性能的影响。结果表明：海胆状中空ZnO的粒径在2.1 μm左右，壳层ZnO纳米棒的长度约为350 nm，且存在介孔结构，平均孔径为28.58 nm，比表面积为9.34 m2/g，孔体积为0.07 cm3/g。当海胆状中空ZnO质量分数为2%时，聚丙烯酸酯复合薄膜的透水汽性、吸水率、抗张强度以及断裂伸长率分别为113.2 mg/（cm2·h）、30.64%、9.23 MPa及292.51%。与纯聚丙烯酸酯薄膜相比，聚丙烯酸酯/海胆状中空ZnO复合薄膜透水汽性提高了204.96%，耐水性提高了134.3%，抗张强度提高了34.94%，断裂伸长率提高了46.26%。同时，复合薄膜具有良好的紫外屏蔽性能及抗菌性能。

Abstract:

Hollow urchin-like ZnO were successfully fabricated by a two-step hydrothermal method. Then, the polyacrylate/hollow urchin-like ZnO composite emulsion was obtained by physical blending of polyacrylate emulsion and hollow urchin-like ZnO. The water vapor permeability, water resistance, mechanical properties, UV transmittance, and antibacterial activity of polyacrylate/hollow urchin-like ZnO composite film were investigated. The results showed that the diameters of hollow urchin-like ZnO and the length of their nanorods were approximately 2.1μm and 350 nm, respectively. The shell of hollow urchin-like ZnO had mesoporous structure with average pore size of 28.58 nm. The specific surface area and pore volume of hollow urchin-like ZnO were 9.34 m2/g and 0.07 cm3/g, respectively. The polyacrylate/hollow urchin-like ZnO composite film exhibited the better water vapor permeability, water resistance, mechanical properties, UV-shielding and antibacterial activities compared with that of pure polyacrylate film. Among them, water vapor permeability, water resistance and elongation at break of composite film increased by 126.3%, 14.9%, and 112.5%, respectively.