磷杂化低聚物/聚苯乙烯材料的制备及阻燃性能

Preparation and Flame Retardant Properties of Oligophosphate/Polystyrene Composite Materials

摘要:

采用二氯磷酸苯酯（PDCP）与乙二醇（EG）、甲醇通过逐步聚合反应合成磷杂化低聚物（OPP），OPP与聚苯乙烯掺杂共混制备得到磷杂化低聚物/聚苯乙烯（OPP/PS）复合材料。通过FTIR和凝胶渗透色谱（GPC）对OPP分子链近程化学结构和远程结构相对分子质量进行了表征和测试。利用SEM、XPS、万能材料试验机、热重分析仪（TGA）、极限氧指数（LOI）测定仪和微型量热仪表征了炭层形貌及成分，并考察了OPP/PS复合材料的物理机械性能、热稳定性和燃烧性能，通过Flynn-Wall-Ozawa(FWO)法计算了复合材料的热降解活化能（Ea）。结果表明：残炭率提高。当w(OPP)=10%时，OPP/PS复合材料的PHRR为585.00 W/g、THR为14.41 kJ/g、LOI为24.5%、氮气氛围中残炭率为11.27，Ea随热降解转化率α的增大而增大，OPP的热分解产物聚偏磷酸催化基体成炭，并与炭层覆盖在材料表面构成了热和氧的隔断层，提高了OPP/PS复合材料的热稳定性与阻燃性能。

Abstract:

The oligophosphate (OPP) was synthesized by step-reaction polymerization using phenyl dichlorophosphate(PDCP), ethylene glycol(EG), methanol, the composites OPP/PS was prepared by polystyrene as matrix and oligophosphate (OPP). The short chain chemical structure and long-range structure of molecular chain characteristics and relative molecular mass of OPP was explored by FT-IR and gel permeation chromatography(GPC). The mechanical properties, thermal stability and flame-retardant properties of the OPP/PS was evaluated by the SEM, XPS, universal material experiment machine, TGA, limit oxygen index(LOI) and microscale combustion calorimeter. The thermal decomposition activation energy(Ea) of composites were calculated by Flynn-Wall-Ozawa(FWO) method. The results show that the heat release rate peak (PHRR) decreases, the total heat release (THR) decreases, and the LOI increases gradually and the residual carbon rate increases with the increase of OPP content in OPP/PS composites. When the w(OPP)=10%, the PHRR of the OPP/PS composites was 585.00 W/g, the THR was 14.41 kJ/g, the LOI was 24.5%, the residual carbon ratio in the nitrogen atmosphere is 11.27, the Ea decreases with the increase of thermal degradation rate α, thermal decomposition products of OPP polymetaphosphate catalytic substrate into carbon, and covered the surface of a partition the material in the layer of heat and oxygen and carbon layer, to improve the thermal stability and flame retardant properties of OPP/PS composites.