1-苯基环丙基甲腈及衍生物的合成

Synthesis of 1-Phenyl-1-cyclopropanecarbonitrile and Its Derivatives

摘要:

建立了超声波相转移催化体系，有效合成了1-苯基环丙基甲腈及其衍生物。以苯乙腈为研究模型，考察了超声频率、溶剂种类、溶剂用量、氢氧化钾与苯乙腈的物质的量比、反应时间对反应的影响，得到的最佳反应条件为超声频率40 kHz、甲苯为反应溶剂、溶剂用量20 mL、氢氧化钾与苯乙腈物质的量比为10:1、反应时间4h，在该条件下转化率达99.3%，产率达95.6%。该体系应用于1-苯基环丙基甲腈衍生物的合成，原料转化率较高（≥92.3%），产物选择性好（≥92.2%）。该体系用于杂环腈的转化，以噻吩-2-乙腈为原料合成了1-(噻吩-2-基)环丙烷甲腈，原料转化率为95.2%，产物选择性为97.8%。

Abstract:

Ultrasonic phase transfer catalysis system was developed for synthesis of 1-phenyl-1-cyclopropanecarbonitrile and its derivatives. Take the eneacetonitrile as the research model, the reaction conditions such as ultrasonic frequency, solvent, dosage of solvent, dosage of KOH, reaction time were studied. Results showed that the optimum reaction condition was as follows: 40 kHz, with 20 mL toluene as solvent, KOH and benzeneacetonitrile mole ratio of 10:1, reaction time 4 h. With yield of 95.6%, the 99.3% conversion was achieved. With high conversion (≥92.3%) and selectivity (≥92.2%), a variety of derivatives were synthesized. The system was also applied to the transformation of heterocyclic nitrile. Using 2-thiopheneacetonitrile as substrate, the 1-(thiophen-2-yl)cyclopropanecarbonitrile was synthesized with 95.2% conversion and 97.8% selectivity.