微波辅助碱性乙醇溶液提取茶叶籽皂素及 其表面性能研究

Study on Extraction of Tea Saponin by Microwave - assisted Alkaline Ethanol Solution and Its Surface Properties

摘要:

茶叶籽皂素是一类具有较强发泡、去污、乳化、增溶、润湿性能的天然非离子型表面活性剂。采用微波辅助碱性乙醇溶液从茶叶籽饼粕中提取茶叶籽皂素。在单因素试验的基础上，利用响应曲面法优化提取工艺，建立 pH、乙醇浓度与微波功率之间的数学模型，确定茶叶籽皂素提取的最佳工艺条件。结果表明：最佳工艺条件为乙醇浓度为 73.35%，浸提温度 60℃、浸提时间 8min、pH=9.07、微波功率 613W、液固比 9:1(V/m)。在此最佳工艺条件下，茶叶籽皂素得率为(21.640.05)%(n=3)，纯度为 74.1%，明显优于 传统水提法和乙醇浸提法。产物的临界胶束浓度(cmc)为 3.90-5mol/L，在此浓度下的表面张力为34.8mN/m。实验测定产物具有有较好的增溶性能、再润湿性能、乳化性能，以及良好的发泡性和稳泡性。

Abstract:

Tea seed saponin is a kind of natural nonionic surfactants with strong properties such as foaming, decontamination, emulsification, solubilization and wetting. Tea seed saponin was extract from tea seed cake by Microwave-assisted alkaline ethanol solution. On the basis of single factor test, the extraction process was optimized by response surface method. The mathematical model between pH value, ethanol concentration and microwave power was established to determine the optimum technological conditions for extraction of tea seed saponin. The results showed that the optimum conditions for tea seed saponin extraction were as follows: ethanol concentration, 73.35%, extraction temperature, 60℃, extraction time, 8min, pH, 9.07, microwave power, 613W, and liquid to solid ratio of 9:1(V/m). Under these conditions, the extraction yield of tea seed saponin was (21.83?0.05)% (n=3) and the purity was 74.1%, which better performance than the conventional water extraction method and ethanol extraction method.