耐温表面活性剂在油藏开发中的研究进展

Progress on the Application of Surfactants for High Temperature Reservoirs

摘要:

表面活性剂驱是三次采油中稳产增产的重要手段，随着高温油藏研究开发的不断深入，耐高温表面活性剂具有更加重要的研究价值。该文根据深层油藏温度高的特点和我国油藏开发现状，在研究国内外文献资料的基础上，将具有耐高温性能的表面活性剂按阴-非离子型（Anionic-Nonionic）、两性型（Amphoteric）、双子型（Gemini）和氟碳型（Fluorocarbon）分类。通过对四类表面活性剂的比较，讨论了基团、分子结构等因素对表面活性剂耐温性的影响，指出研究可生物降解表面活性剂是耐温表面活性剂继续发展的重要方向，同时对双子表面活性剂的合成及氟碳表面活性剂的应用提出了建议。

Abstract:

Surfactant flooding used in tertiary oil recovery is a kind of crucial method for stable oil production and increasing oil production. Along with the continuing research and exploitation of high-temperature reservoir, it becomes more important and deserved to do research on high-temperature resistant surfactants. According to the characteristics of high-temperature reservoir and its development status in China, high-temperature resistant surfactants was divided into anionic-nonionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, Gemini surfactants and fluorocarbon surfactants four types. What’s more, surfactants reviewed in this paper were also compared and it was found that some factors such as group and molecular structure can influence surfactant on its ability of temperature resistance. It was also pointed out that one of the most important direction of surfactant development is to do research on high-temperature resistant surfactant with the ability of biodegradation. At the same time, some suggestions about the synthesize of Gemini surfactant and the application of fluorocarbon surfactant were put off.