碱性燃料电池阳极催化剂的研究进展

Research Progress of Alkaline Fuel Cell Anode Catalysts

摘要:

碱性燃料电池性能较稳定，催化剂的选择不受贵金属的限制。其中，阳极催化剂的选择对加速燃料的氧化反应速率、碱性燃料电池的能效、稳定性和成本都有很大的影响。本文从碱性燃料电池阳极催化剂种类、载体和制备方法等方面对近年来阳极催化剂的研究现状进行了分析。分析结果表明，掺杂不同金属的合金催化剂有效地提高了催化剂的电催化活性[谁的电催化活性？请说全。]；催化剂载体种类、负载量和分散度的不同影响催化剂的稳定性；金属氧化物的加入可以同时提高催化剂的电催化活性和稳定性[谁的电催化活性和稳定性？]；催化剂制备方法的改进可以提高催化剂电化学比表面积，改变元素的分布。

Abstract:

Alkaline fuel cells are concerned due to its stable performance and no limit of catalyst choice (not only precious metals). The choice of anode catalysts influence the oxidation rate of fuel and efficiency, stability and cost of alkaline fuel cell. In this paper, the research status of anode catalysts in recent years have been explored from the aspects of catalyst type, carrier and preparation methods. It has been found that the alloy catalyst doped with different metals can effectively improve the electrocatalytic activity. The type of catalyst carrier, the loading amount and the dispersion degree of the anodic catalyst can affect the catalyst stability. The addition of the metal oxide to the catalyst can simultaneously improve the electrocatalytic activity and stability. The modification of catalyst preparation method can improve the electrochemical specific surface area of the catalyst and change the distribution of the elements.