酶解玉米秸秆残渣制备聚氨酯硬质泡沫

Preparation of polyurethane rigid foams using fermentation residue of corn stalk

摘要:

以制备纤维乙醇得到的酶解玉米秸秆残渣为原料，采用碱性乙醇法提取木质素，然后用聚乙二醇/甘油溶液将木质素进行液化得到木质素基多元醇，并以此液化产物代替部分聚醚多元醇用于聚氨酯泡沫的合成。结果表明：碱性乙醇法得到的木质素提取率为93.5%，木质素纯度达到94.1%；在PEG-400/丙三醇液化体系中，木质素液化率高达99.5%，液化产物羟值为360 mgKOH/g；在聚氨酯合成中，木质素液化溶液对聚醚多元醇的替代量可以达质量分数47%，所得聚氨酯泡沫产品的芯密度和压缩强度分别为48.6 kg/m3和212 kPa，满足工业聚氨酯硬泡的国家标准。

Abstract:

Lignin was extracted from the fermentation residue of corn stalk by using the alkaline-ethanol extraction method. The lignin was then liquefied by the polyhydric alcohols to obtain a lignin-based product which was further used to replace parts of polyether polyols for the preparation of rigid polyurethane foams. Results showed that lignin yield of alkaline-ethanol extraction method could reach 93.5% and purity of lignin was up to 94.1%. Liquefaction of lignin by using the PEG-400/glycerol as liquefying reagents yielded liquefaction efficiency as high as 99.5% and hydroxyl content of the liquefaction product was 360mgKOH/g. For the polyurethane preparation, rate of polyether polyols substitution by the liquefaction product could reach mass fraction 47%. At this point, density and compression strength of the obtained polyurethane foam were 48.6kg/m3 and 212kPa which met the national standards.