超临界二氧化碳流体染色工程化研究进展

Research Progress on Engineering Technology of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Fluid Dyeing

摘要:

介绍了超临界CO2流体基本性质；综述了近年来国内外在超临界CO2流体工程化染色装备系统、工程化染色工艺技术和专用染料三方面的最新研究进展。结果表明：经过多年发展，适用于散纤维、筒纱、织物的生产型超临界CO2流体工程化染色装备开始逐步推向市场，并可通过智能安全联锁系统保障装备的安全运行；聚酯纤维材料超临界CO2流体染色工程化染色工艺技术日趋成熟，已经在世界范围内进行了初步生产应用；但天然纤维超临界CO2流体染色专用染料仍存在色牢度差，易于造成设备腐蚀等问题。指出超临界CO2流体染色专用商品化染料体系建立、超临界CO2流体染色装备工业放大设计和超临界CO2流体染色工艺放大效应是该项技术产业化应用进程中应着力解决的关键问题。

Abstract:

The basic properties of supercritical CO2 fluid was introduced. Recent research progress of engineering apparatus system, engineering dyeing procedure and special dyes in supercritical CO2 fluid were reviewed at home and abroad. The obtained results showed that after years of development, supercritical CO2 fluid engineering dyeing apparatus for fibers, bobbins and fabrics have been started to launch in the market, which can guarantee the safe operation by employing an intelligent security interlock system. Engineering dyeing procedure technology for polyester in supercritical CO2 fluid is becoming mature, and has been made initial production applications worldwide. However, special dyes for natural fibers dyeing in supercritical CO2 fluid still have the problems of poor color fastness and easy to cause equipment corrosion. In addition, the problems that should strive to solve in the industrialization of supercritical CO2 fluid dyeing were put forward, including the establishment of special commercial dye system for supercritical CO2 fluid dyeing, the industrial amplification design of supercritical CO2 fluid dyeing apparatus and the amplification effect of supercritical CO2 fluid dyeing procedure.