酰胺基扩链剂改性水性聚氨酯的制备及其性能

SSynthesis and Properties of Waterborne Polyurethane Modified by Amide Chain Extender

摘要:

以二乙醇胺(DEA)和乙烯基吡咯烷酮(NVP)为原料，合成了N-(2-吡咯烷酮乙基)二乙醇胺(DVP)扩链剂，再以DVP、聚醚二元醇(N220)、异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、2，2-二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)、一缩二乙二醇(DEG)为主要原料，合成不同DVP含量的水性聚氨酯。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和核磁共振氢谱表征DVP的结构，通过FTIR、热重(TGA)分析改性水性聚氨酯的结构，并测定其乳液的粒径和胶膜的力学性能和吸水率。结果表明，当w(DVP)=0.5%时，乳液粒径为44 nm，合成的聚氨酯胶膜综合性能最佳，此时拉伸强度为21.04 MPa，断裂伸长率为854.6%，T5%和T50%分别为269.6和343.5 ℃，吸水率为13.41%。与未改性水性聚氨酯相比，DVP扩链的水性聚氨酯在力学性能、耐热性和耐水性均有显著提高。

Abstract:

A small molecule chain extender of N-(2-pyrrolidone ethyl) diethanolamine(DVP) diol was synthesized from diethanolamine(DEA) and vinylpyrrolidone(NVP).The waterborne polyurethane with different content of DVP was synthesized by DVP, polyether polyol(N220), isophorone diisocyanate(IPDI), 2,2-dimethylol-propionic acid(DMPA) and diethylene glycol (DEG). The structure of DVP was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR)and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The structure and properties of waterborne polyurethane with different content of DVP were characterized by infrared, particle size test, thermogravimetry(TGA), mechanical properties test and water absorption test. The results indicate that when the content of DVP is 0.5%(wt), emulsion particle size is 44 nm, the synthesized film has the best comprehensive performance, the tensile strength is 21.04 MPa,the maximum elongation at break is 854.6%, T5% and T50% are 269.6 and 343.5℃ respectively, water absorption is 13.41%, and the mechanical properties, heat resistance and water resistance are improved significantly compared with unmodified waterborne polyurethane.