氰尿酸钙/锌的制备及其在PVC制品中的应用

Preparation of Calcium/Zinc Cyanurate and Its Application in PVC Products

摘要:

以氰尿酸和氢氧化钙、氧化锌为原料，去离子水为溶剂，分别合成了聚氯乙烯(PVC)用热稳定剂氰尿酸钙、氰尿酸锌。采用元素分析仪(EA)、傅里叶红外光谱仪(FTIR)、热失重(TG)以及扫描电镜(FESEM)对氰尿酸钙/锌进行表征分析。通过烘箱热老化和刚果红研究了氰尿酸钙/锌对PVC的热稳定性能影响，并对热稳定机理进行了探究。结果表明：分别单独加入PVC用量的1%的氰尿酸钙和氰尿酸锌，相比于相同量的硬脂酸钙和硬脂酸锌，前者的热稳定效果要优于后者；氰尿酸钙/锌复配后表现出良好的协调作用，最佳质量配比为3:1，热稳定性能最好，热稳定时间达到28 min，PVC试片到70 min完全锌烧；并且，环氧大豆油(ESBO)是一种非常适合氰尿酸钙/锌体系的辅助稳定剂，能够更好地提高PVC体系的热稳定性能。

Abstract:

Using cyanuric acid and calcium hydroxide/zinc oxide as raw materials and deionized water as solvent, zinc/calcium cyanurate, a new kind of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) thermal stabilizer, has been synthesized. Calcium/zinc cyanurate was characterized by elemental analyzer (EA), fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), thermogravimetry (TG) and scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The thermal stability of calcium/zinc cyanurate as a thermal stabilizer for PVC was studied by oven aging test and Congo red test, and the mechanism of thermal stability was explored. The results showed that the addition of 1% of calcium cyanurate and zinc cyanurate to PVC alone, compared to the same amount of calcium stearate and zinc stearate, the former had a better thermal stability than the latter. The calcium/zinc cyanurate compound showed a good synergisitic effect, and the best quality ratio was 3:1. The PVC test piece was fully roasted with zinc for 70 min, and the thermal stabilization time reached 28 min. It has also been found that epoxy soya bean oil (ESBO) is an auxiliary stabilizer that is well suited for the calcium/zinc cyanurate system and can better improve the thermal stability of PVC systems.