超支化表面活性剂的合成及性能评价

Synthesis and Evaluation of Anionic-nonionic Hyperbranched Surfactants

摘要:

以二乙醇胺与顺丁烯二酸酐为初始原料合成超支化不饱和聚（酰胺-酯）HP。通过实验室合成的琥珀酸单十二酰胺磺酸与HP端羟基经酯化反应得到阴-非离子型超支化表面活性剂HPSA-4，用傅立叶红外光谱（FTIR）、1HNMR和凝胶色谱（GPC）对其进行了表征。对HPSA-4的临界胶束浓度、表/界面张力、润湿性能、高温高盐下的抗老化性能、乳化性能以及驱油能力的研究说明HPSA-4具有较低的临界胶束（0.162 g•L-1）、较好的表/界面活性（γcmc=23.4mN/m，δcmc=0.07mN/m）及抗老化性能（NaCl为2*105mg/L，T=150℃时，老化15天表面张力约为25mN/m）。润湿性能的研究说明，HPSA-4具有较好的润湿性能以及润湿反转性能；乳化性能研究说明，HPSA-4乳化性能与十二烷基磺酸钠相当，但其乳化抗盐能力（ωNaCl=8*104mg/L，ωCaCl2 =104mg/L）较十二烷基磺酸钠优异。填砂管驱油实验表明，注入体积为0.5PV时，0.3g/L的HPSA-4可在水驱基础上提高采收率5.3%左右。以上研究均说明，HPSA-4可以作为高温高盐油田驱油剂使用。

Abstract:

Diethanolamine and maleic anhydride were used as the starting materials to to synthesize hyperbranched unsaturated poly (amide-ester) HP. The anionic-nonionic hyperbranched surfactant HPSA-4 was synthesized by the esterification of succinic acid monolauramide sulfonic acid and HP. The HPSA-4 and characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), 1HNMR and GPC。The CMC, SFT, IFT, wetting properties, anti-aging properties under high temperature and high salt, emulsifying properties and oil displacement of HPSA-4 were tested. The results showed that the cmc of HPSA-4 was 0.162 g•L-1, γcmc=23.4mN/m, δcmc=0.07mN/m. Under high temperature(150℃) and high salt(ωNaCl=2*105mg/L), the surface tension is about 25mN/m after aging 15 days. Besides, HPSA-4 has good wetting properties and wetting reversal properties. Moreover, the emulsification performance of HPSA-4 is comparable to that of sodium dodecyl sulfonate, but its emulsification performance under high salt(ωNaCl=8*104mg/L，ωCaCl2 =104mg/L) is superior to that of sodium dodecyl sulfonate. The core flow test indicate that 0.3g/L HPSA-4 can improve EOR about 5.3% on the basis of water flooding when the injection volume is 0.5 PV. All the above studies indicate that HPSA-4 can be used as an oil displacement agent in high temperature and high salinity oilfield.