新型喹啉Gemini表面活性剂的合成及界面吸附

Synthesis and Interfacial Adsorption of Novel Quinoline Gemini Surfactants

摘要:

以6-氨基喹啉，三光气，三乙胺为原料合成了对称的喹啉脲，通过其与三种溴代烷进行季铵化反应合成了喹啉双季铵盐，其结构经FT-IR，1H NMR，13CNMR和ESI-MS证实。对中间体喹啉脲及目标产物喹啉Gemini表面活性剂的合成条件进行了优化。合成中间体的反应条件为二氯甲烷做反应溶剂，n (6-氨基喹啉)∶n (三光气) = 5∶1，反应时间为6 h，收率可达88%。合成喹啉类Gemini表面活性剂的反应条件为DMF为反应溶剂，反应温度为110℃，n(中间体)∶n(溴代烷) = 1∶14，反应时间为8 h，收率可达74%。对目标产物喹啉Gemini表面活性剂在三氯甲烷-水体系中的界面张力进行了测定，结果表明：喹啉Gemini表面活性剂在三氯甲烷溶液内扩散到三氯甲烷-水界面是由纯扩散吸附控制的。

Abstract:

The symmetrical urea substituted by Quinoline ring was synthesized by the reaction of 6-aminoQuinoline with triphosgene in the presence of triethylamine in 88% yield. This symmetrical urea reacted respectively with three type of bromoalkanes to produce three of bis-Quinolineaternary ammonium bromides a novel Gemini surfactants with Quinoline ring in 74% yield, which structure was confirmed by FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13CNMR and ESI-MS. The optimum reaction conditions for the symmetrical urea are as follows: methylene chloride as reaction solvent; mole ratio of 6-aminoQuinoline and triphosgene, 5∶1, reaction time, 6 h. The optimum procedure for the synthesis of the Gemini surfactants are as follows: DMF as solvent, 110 ℃, 8 h, mole ratio of intermediate and bromoalkane, 1∶14. The interfacial tension of the Gemini surfactants were measured in the chloroform-water system. The results show that the diffusion of the Quinoline Gemini surfactants from the chloroform solution into the chloroform-water interface is controlled by pure diffusion adsorption.