基于聚合物的一维光子晶体研究进展

Research Progress of One-dimensional Photonic Crystals Based on Polymers

摘要:

从一维光子晶体组装材料角度出发，总结分析了有机/有机型和有机/无机杂化型一维光子晶体的结构特点、组装原理和方法、性能及应用。在有机/有机型一维光子晶体中，主要介绍了含有不同亲疏水链段的嵌段共聚物的自组装，以及将含有可聚合双键的表面活性剂双分子层引入交联聚合物凝胶网络形成的一维光子晶体。在有机/无机杂化型一维光子晶体中，既论述了基于聚合物、无机材料直接交替组装形成的多层膜，也讨论了基于两种无机材料组装，然后再填充柔性聚合物的一维光子晶体。通过对以上两类光子晶体材料的总结分析可知，基于聚合物材料制备的一维光子晶体可以实现多种功能，在柔性传感器、柔性光电器件、光子晶体纸、电子皮肤、3D打印等方面具有良好的应用前景。但目前基于聚合物的一维光子晶体存在组装均匀性有待提高、组装面积较小等问题，如何大规模制备均匀的功能性一维光子晶体是重要的研究方向，也是影响其实际应用的关键。

Abstract:

Based on the fabrication materials, this paper summarized and analyzed the structure characteristics, assembly principle and method, properties and applications of organic/organic and organic/inorganic hybrid one-dimensional photonic crystals (1DPCs). For organic/organic 1DPCs, studies on the self-assembly of block copolymers with different hydrophilic and hydrophobic chain segments and the introduction of polymerizable surfactant bilayer into cross-linked polymer gel network for the preparation of one-dimensional photonic crystals are introduced. For organic/inorganic hybrid 1DPCs, both multilayer films formed by direct assembly of polymer and inorganic materials, and 1DPCs assembled with inorganic materials and then filled with flexible polymers are discussed. It can be found that 1DPCs based on polymer materials can achieve a variety of functions, and have good application prospects in flexible sensors, flexible photoelectric devices, photonic crystal paper, electronic skin, 3D printing and so on. However, the current researches on 1DPCs are limited to small-scale assemblies and the uniformity needs to be improved. So, the large-scale fabrication of uniform functional 1DPCs is an important research direction and the key to their practical applications.