氨基酸脱羧反应研究进展

Recent progress on Decarboxylation of Amino Acids

摘要:

氨基酸脱羧是重要的生物质资源转化途径，通过氨基酸脱羧反应能够得到胺及胺的衍生物。本文综述了氨基酸脱羧基的不同方法，包括酶脱羧、化学催化脱羧、热脱羧和光电化学脱羧方法。重点阐述了使用化学催化剂脱羧的研究进展，对均相催化剂和非均相催化剂催化脱羧的催化途径以及机理进行了详细的介绍。我国目前已经成为氨基酸的生产与消费大国，氨基酸工业在食品与饲料等领域的发展已经趋于成熟，但是对氨基酸下游产品的工业化仍然缺少配套的技术与经验。为了应对氨基酸工业核心技术的垄断问题，开发新型高效催化剂与更加高效的工艺路线的研究显得尤为重要。

Abstract:

Decarboxylation of amino acids is considered to be a significant pathway of renewable resource transformation, and could convert to primary amine, diamine and their derivatives. Various methods of amino acids decarboxylation were reviewed, including the way of using biocatalysts, chemical catalysts, thermal decomposition and photoelectrochemistry. China has become a country with the big amount of amino acids production and consumption. The development of food and feed industry of amino acids industry is on the way to maturity, however the industry realization of the downstream products is still lack of technology and experiences. Therefore, developing new high efficient catalysts and more efficient routing seems important to break the monopoly of the core technology of amino acids industry.