Na+ 阻燃改性亚麻纤维及其对纤维性能的影响

Na+ Flame Retardant Modified Flax Fiber and Effect on Fiber Properties

摘要:

用Na+对亚麻纤维（FF）进行阻燃改性，首先用马来酸酐（MA）对FF进行化学接枝，得到MA-FF。再用Na2CO3溶液处理MA-FF，得到Na+阻燃改性的FF，用Na2CO3-MA-FF表示。FTIR中羰基峰的出现证明了MA接枝到FF上；用酸碱滴定法测定了MA在FF上的接枝率（Gd）；用极限氧指数（LOI）和垂直燃烧评价了Na+对FF的阻燃效果，用XRD分析了FF结晶度的变化。结果表明：105 ℃下，m(MA):m(FF)=48:60的原料在DMF溶液中反应2.4 h，MA在FF上的接枝率达到71%~75%；Na2CO3-MA-FF的阻燃性随着Na+含量增加而提高，20 g/L Na2CO3溶液处理的MA-FF（记为20-Na2CO3-MA-FF）的LOI值由20%提高到28.9%，续燃时间由41 s降低到0 s，损毁长度由30 cm降低到8.3 cm；MA接枝后，FF结晶度由66.7%提高到75.0%，20-Na2CO3-MA-FF结晶度稍降到71.8%，但是XRD中2θ角没有变化，均为14.8°、16.7°和22.8°。

Abstract:

Flax fiber (FF) was grafted chemically with maleic anhydride (MA) that gave MA-FF, then treated with sodium carbonate solution that gave the flame retardant modified FF with Na+, expressed as Na2CO3-MA-FF. The appearance of carbonyl peak in FTIR proves that MA was grafted to FF. The grafting degree (Gd) of MA on FF was determined by acid-base titration. The flame retardant effect of Na+ on FF was evaluated by LOI and vertical burning test. The FF crystallinity was analyzed by XRD. The results show that when MA and FF react for 2.4h in DMF with the mass ratio of 48:60 under 105 ℃, the Gd can reach 71~75%. The flame retardancy of FF increases with the increase of Na+ content. The LOI value of 20-Na2CO3-MA-FF（MA-FF was treated with 20 g/L Na2CO3 aqueous） was increased from 20% to 28.9%, the afterflame time decreased from 41 s to 0 s, damaged length decreased from 30 cm to 8.3 cm. After MA grafting, the FF crystallinity increased from 66.7% to 75.0%, the crystallinity of 20-Na2CO3-MA-FF was slightly reduced to 71.8%, but the 2θ angles have no change, are all still 14.8 ° , 16.7 ° and 22.8 °.