PGS@P-N阻燃剂的制备及增强EVA复合材料的 阻燃性能的研究

Preparation of PGS@P-N and the Enhenced Flame Retardancy for EVA Composites

摘要:

利用坡缕石表面的羟基，采用化学方法首先将坡缕石（PGS）用磷酸进行了改性，随后通过酸碱中和的方法，将十二胺接枝到磷酸分子上，得到改性的含P、N型复合阻燃剂PGS@P-N。通过SEM、 XRD、 FTIR等方法对所合成阻燃剂PGS@P-N的形貌和结构进行了表征，利用氧指数法(LOI)、垂直燃烧法(UL-94)和锥形量热法(CCT)对复合材料的阻燃性能进行了测试，并对复合材料的力学性能和相容性进行了考察。结果表明：当向EVA中加入质量分数为30%的PGS@P-N/EG后，EVA/PGS@P-N/EG(可膨胀石墨)复合材料的氧指数达到了36.3%，与EVA/PGS/EG比较，接入烷基链后，EVA/PGS@P-N/EG复合材料的断裂伸长率提高了40%。

Abstract:

Palygorskite was firstly modified by phosphate through the surface hydroxyl groups, then dodecylamine was grafted to phosphate by acid-base reaction to produce the phosphorus and nitrogen-containing PGS@P-N flame retardant. The structure and morphology of PGS@ZB-N were characterized by FTIR, XRD and SEM methods. The flame retartancy and burning behavior of EVA/PGS@P-N/EG (EG = expandable graphite) composites were studied through TGA, LOI (limiting oxygen index), UL-94 (vertical burning test) and CCT (cone calorimeter test) characterizations. It showed that the prepared EVA/PGS@ZB-N/EG composites obtained a LOI value of 36.3% with the addition of 30 wt% of PGS@P-N/EG flame retardant. PGS@ZB-N can improve simultaneously the interfacial interaction and the mechanical properties of EVA.