淀粉基磺酸型离子交换树脂的制备及对染料吸附性能研究

Synthesis of starch - based sulfonic ion exchange resin and the adsorption properties of dyes

摘要:

以天然淀粉（RS）、甲基丙烯磺酸钠（SMAS）与苯乙烯（ST）为原料，制备了淀粉基离子交换树脂GSR。采用IR、RAM与13CNMR光谱表征了结构。当引发剂浓度为0.056mol/L，n（过硫酸铵）：n（亚硫酸氢钠）=3：1，底物n（RS）：n（SMAS）：n（ST）=4：2：1，反应温度65℃，时间3h时，磺酸基含量达15.65%，亚甲基蓝吸附量为17.98mg/g，两者随单体添加量呈先增后降趋势。BET分析显示GSR比表面为5.078m2/g，较RS增大。GSR对酸、碱及酶耐受性增强，稳定性提高。GSR对亚甲基蓝、藏红T及孔雀石绿的吸附量较RS显著提高，且对不同染料吸附差异性减小，具有广谱性，并在不同pH下均保持良好吸附性。其对混合染料废水脱色率达85.08%，较RS提高91.03%，优于沸石与001×7树脂，经四次再生循环后脱色率不低于首次吸附的91.12%。随GSR粒径减小脱色率增加，当粒径为150~250μm时，脱色率较高，且尺寸适中，便于重复使用与回收，有利于连续化操作。

Abstract:

Grafted starch ion exchange resin (GSR) was synthesized by natural starch (RS), sodium methacrylate (SMAS) and styrene (ST). The structures of products were characterized by infrared spectrum(IR), Raman spectroscopy(RAM) and 13CNMR. When the initiator concentration was 0.056 mol/L, mole ratio of n (ammonium persulfate) : n (sodium bisulfite) = 3:1, reactant input ratios was n (RS) : n (SMAS) : n (ST) = 4:2:1, reaction temperature at 65 ℃, reaction time of 3 h, the sulfonic acid group content was up to 15.65%, the methylene blue adsorption amount was 17.98mg / g, both of which increase first and then decrease with the monomer addition amount. BET test showed that GSR has increased specific surface area than native starch which is 5.078m2/g. GSR has improved stability and higher resistance to acids, bases and enzymes. It has improved adsorption to methylene blue, Safranine T and malachite green, and reduced adsorbing differentiation for dyes with different structures, moreover, it showed a good adsorption properties under different pH conditions. The decolorization rate of GSR on mixed dye waste-water has closed to 85.08%, which increases by 91.03% in comparison with RS, and better than that of zeolite and 001×7 cation- exchange resin. After four regeneration cycles, the decolorization rate is not lower than 91.12% of the first adsorption rate. The decolorization rate of GSR resin increases with the decrease of particle size. When the particle size is 150~250μm, the GSR has relatively high decolorization, and moderate particle size that similar to synthetic resin, which is convenient for the reuse and recycling, thus conducive to the continuous operations.