钒酸镍锂离子电池负极材料的研究进展

Recent progress of nickel vanadate anode material for lithium-ion batteries

摘要:

摘要：锂离子电池是目前最受欢迎的可充电电池。工业石墨广泛用作其负极材料，但由于其比容量较低、倍率性差限制了其在锂离子电池中的进一步应用。钒酸镍（Ni3V2O8、NiV3O8等）电极材料，具有成本低、环境友好、比容量高、倍率性能优异等优点，被认为是一类非常有应用前景的锂离子电池新型负极材料。然而Ni3V2O8、NiV3O8等电极材料在充放电过程中体积膨胀太大，造成极片材料粉化脱落，容量迅速衰减，循环稳定性变差。为了解决这个问题研究人员做了大量的工作。本文综述了近年来国内外关于钒酸镍材料的合成方法、结构性质以及应用于锂离子电池新型负极材料的研究进展，并重点讨论了改善钒酸镍电化学性能的几种方法，即电极材料微纳米化、复合化、表面包覆等。最后对今后要重点开展的研究工作进行了展望。

Abstract:

Abstract:Lithium-ion batteries are one of the most popular rechargeable batteries so far. Industrial graphite has been widely used in lithium-ion battery anodes. However, its lower specific capacity and poor rate limit its further application in lithium-ion batteries. Nickel vanadate (Ni3V2O8 and NiV3O8) electrode materials, with economical sustainability, environmental friendliness, high specific capac-ity and excellent rate performance, are considered to be a series of promising new anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. However, the volume expansion of the Ni3V2O8 and NiV3O8 electrodes dur-ing charging and discharging is too large, which results in the powderization of the pole piece materi-al, rapid attenuation of the specific capacity, and poor cycle stability. In this review, the synthesis methods, structural properties of nickel vanadate and the research progress of these new anode mate-rials for lithium-ion batteries are introduced. In addition, several methods for improving the electro-chemical performance of nickel vanadate are emphatically discussed, which includes micro-nano synthesis of the electrode material, synthesis of complex material, surface coating, etc. Finally, the research work in the future is prospected.