（急）磷-氮阻燃剂的合成及整理棉织物性能

Synthesis of Phosphorus-Nitrogen Flame Retardant and Properties of Finishing Cotton Fabrics

摘要:

以亚磷酸二甲酯、丙烯酰胺和三聚氯氰为原料，合成了无甲醛磷-氮阻燃剂，并通过轧焙烘工艺对棉织物进行了阻燃整理。通过红外光谱对中间体和阻燃剂的结构进行了表征。通过红外光谱、电镜和EDS对整理织物的结构、表面形态和元素组成进行了表征，采用极限氧指数、垂直燃烧、锥形量热测试了整理织物的阻燃性能，采用热重测试了整理织物的热稳定性能。结果表明：阻燃剂成功整理到织物上，整理织物的最大热分解速率降低，残炭率提高。整理织物的极限氧指数由18%提高到31%，续燃时间，阴燃时间由9 s，25s均降到0 s，损毁长度由300 mm降低到74 mm。整理织物的最大热释放速率（PHRR）由203.5 kW?m-2降低到57.9 kW?m-2，总释放热（THR）由6.0 MJ?m-2,降低到2.7 MJ?m-2。

Abstract:

The formaldehyde-free phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardant was synthesized by using dimethyl phosphite, acrylamide and cyanuric chloride and the cotton fabric was flame-retarded by the rolling and baking process. The structure of the intermediate and flame retardant was characterized by infrared spectroscopy. The structure, surface morphology and elemental composition of the finished fabric were characterized by infrared spectroscopy and electron microscopy. The flame retardant properties of the finished fabric were tested by limiting oxygen index, vertical burning and cone calorimetry. The thermal stability of the finished fabric was tested by thermogravimetry. The results show that the flame retardant is successfully finished on the fabric, and the maximum thermal decomposition rate of the finished fabric is reduced, and the carbon residue rate is improved. The limiting oxygen index of the finished fabric increased from 18% to 31%, the afterburning time, the smoldering time decreased from 9 s, 25s to 0 s, and the damage length decreased from 300 mm to 74 mm. The maximum heat release rate (PHRR) of the finished fabric was reduced from 203.5 kW?m-2 to 57.9 kW?m-2, and the total heat of release (THR) was reduced from 6.0 MJ?m-2 to 2.7 MJ?m-2.