磷酸酯型extended表面活性剂的合成和性能

Synthesis and properties of phosphate extended surfactants

摘要:

十二醇经丙氧基化、磷酸酯化及中和反应合成了环氧丙烷（PO）平均加成数（p）为3、6、9的extended 表面活性剂—单十二烷基聚氧丙烯醚磷酸酯钠（C12PpP）。采用FTIR、ESI-MS表征了其结构。测试了其Krafft点（TK）、耐电解质性、表面张力、泡沫力、乳化力、润湿力和去污力，并与单十二烷基磷酸酯钾（MAPK）对比。结果表明：C12PpP的泡沫、乳化、润湿和去污性能均优于MAPK；其TK < 0 ℃，具有优秀的低温水溶性，克服了MAPK的钠盐形式不能低温水溶的缺点。同时，合成的C12PpP的钙离子抗性高于MAPK的5~8倍，其耐电解质性明显改善。另外，其对蛋白和皮脂的去污力与MAPK大致相同，推测与MAPK具有相近的低刺激性，可以替代MAPK用于个人清洁和护理用品中。

Abstract:

A series of extended surfactants (e-surfactants), sodium monododecyl polyoxypropylene phosphates (C12PpP) with propylene oxide (PO) average addition number (p) (p=3, 6, 9) were synthesized from dodecyl alcohol by propoxylation and phosphorylation followed by neutralization. These e-surfactants were characterized by FTIR and ESI-MS. The properties of C12PpP, such as Krafft point (TK), electrolyte-tolerance, surface tension, foaming power, emulsifying power, wetting power and detergency were tested and compared with those of monododecyl phosphate potassium salt (MAPK). The results showed that these e-surfactants exhibited better foaming power, emulsifying power, wetting power and detergency than those of MAPK. Due to their TK < 0 ℃, the C12PpP surfactants demonstrated excellent low-temperature water solubility, which overcomes the shortcomings of sodium counterpart of MAPK insoluble at low temperature. At the same time, the C12PpP surfactants showed better calcium-tolerance, which was 5~8 times greater than that of MAPK. The C12PpP surfactants almost had the same detergency for protein and sebum soiled swatches as MAPK. Therefore, the synthesized C12PpP surfactants have the similar low irritation to MAPK and were able to replace MAPK in personal care and toiletries products.