碱性电解水析氢中的异质结构催化剂

Heterostructures for electrochemical hydrogen evolution in alkaline electrolytes

摘要:

碱性环境下单相金属催化剂的电催化产氢的动力学过程普遍缓慢远不及其在酸性条件，且存在易腐蚀等问题。近期很多异质结构催化剂被报导在碱性条件下表现出优异的析氢性能或长时间的耐用性，其中一些非贵金属催化剂达到了与贵金属基催化剂类似的高催化活性，为碱性条件下产氢催化剂的设计与开发提供了新思路。首先，介绍了异质结构相较于单一材料在产氢催化中的优势，并补充说明了碱性产氢理论相关背景。然后，追溯异质结构在碱性产氢催化剂中的研究路径，主要介绍了异质结构催化剂中极其重要且报导众多的过渡金属氢氧化物基、氧化物基以及硫化物基的异质结构催化剂，通过实例展示异质结构催化剂的制备方法、表征策略以及相应的设计思路。最后，分析了异质结构催化剂在固有活性比较中的困难并对异质结构催化机理的未来研究进行了展望。

Abstract:

The kinetic process of single-phase metal catalysts for electrochemical hydrogen evolution in alkaline conditions is generally slower than that in acidic s conditions, and with problems such as corrosion. Recently, many heterostructure catalysts have demonstrated extraordinary electrocatalytic performance or long-term durability in alkaline conditions toward hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), particularly a number of precious-metal free heterostructures deliver comparable activity with precious-metal-based catalysts, providing new ideas for the design and exploration of HER catalysts under alkaline conditions. First, the advantages of heterostructures compared to single materials in hydrogen production catalysis are introduced, and the background of basic hydrogen production theory is added. Then, the research path of heterostructures in alkaline hydrogen production catalysts is traced, mainly introducing transition metal hydroxide-based, oxide-based and sulfide-based heterostructure catalysts. The preparation methods, characterization strategies and corresponding design ideas of heterostructure catalysts are demonstrated by examples. Finally, the difficulties of heterostructure catalysts in the comparison of intrinsic activity are analyzed and the future research of heterostructure catalyst mechanism is prospected.