过渡金属配合物催化烯烃的自由基反应进展

Research Progress of Transition Metal Complexes Catalyzed Radical Reaction of Olefin

摘要:

近年来，通过烯烃官能团化构建有机化合物成为有机合成领域的研究热点之一。当选择种类、晶体结构和性能多样的过渡金属配合物作为催化剂时，这类反应具有高效、高选择性且成本低的特点。本文总结了近五年来利用过渡金属盐及其配合物作为催化剂，经过自由基反应历程实现未活化烯烃官能团化的研究进展，其反应特点是在过渡金属催化下，烯烃生成自由基并与其它底物或试剂偶联成键，从而实现官能团化。其中，催化性能优异的催化剂除了贵重金属铑、钯和钌等的配合物之外，还有普通金属，如铁、镍、铜和钴的盐及其配合物。这些方法拓展了烯烃官能团化的研究领域，为有机合成工作者提供新方法和思路，还为将来的产业化生产提供新方案。

Abstract:

Recently, the fabrication of organic compounds via functionalization of olefins has become one hotspot in organic synthesis. When choosing transition metal complexes with various types, crystal structures and multifunctional properties as catalysts, the reactions have high efficiency, high selectivity and low cost. This work summarized the progress in the functionalization of unactivated olefins via free radical reaction by use of transition metal salts and their complexes as catalysts in the past five years. The characteristic of the reaction is that olefins generate free radicals and react with other substrates or reagents in the presence of transition metal catalysts. Among them, catalysts with excellent catalytic properties contains not only complexes of precious metals such as rhodium, palladium and ruthenium, but also the salts and complexes of common metals, such as iron, nickel, copper and cobalt. These methods expand the research fields of functionalization of olefins, and provide new methods and ideas for organic chemists, and also offer new solutions for further industrial production.