电-生物耦合技术降解中药提取废水及微生物群落分析

Degradation in traditional Chinese medicine extraction wastewater by electro-biological technology and analysis of microbial community

摘要:

通过现场实验采用电-生物耦合技术处理中药提取废水，探究不同水力停留时间（HRT）和不同电压下的化学需氧量（COD ）去除率，通过高通量测序技术分析最佳工况下阴阳极板附近微生物群落结构差异。结果表明，在HRT分别为12、24和36 h的动态条件下，中药提取废水COD去除率分别为70.78%±2.41%、82.83%±1.76%和92.62%±1.28%；在0、10和27 V的静态条件下，处理24 h的废水COD去除率分别为56.85%、98.97%和33.33%。阴阳极板附近微生物涵盖了29门、54纲、119目、219科和413属，优势菌门为变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）、厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）、绿弯菌门（Chloroflexi）和Epsilonbacteraeota，在阴阳极板附近菌落相对丰度分别为94.82%和99.53%。属水平上，阴阳极板附近菌属种类和相对丰度差异较大，脱硫球茎菌属（Desulfobulbus）、Lentimicrobiaceae、球衣菌属（Sphaerotilus）、地杆菌属（Geobacter）和Methyloversatilis 等菌属在阴极板附近相对丰度较高，在阳极板相对丰度均小于1%，动胶菌属（Zoogloea）、不动杆菌属（Acinetobacter）、小纺锤状菌属（Fusibacter ）等菌属在阳极板附近相对丰度较高。研究表明，与仅在微生物或电化学作用下相比，电-生物耦合技术可有效降解中药提取废水，Zoogloea是阴阳极板菌群中的主要差异微生物。

Abstract:

The removal of COD in traditional Chinese medicine extraction wastewater was experimentally investigated at the scene using electro-biological technology. The COD removal rates under different hydraulic retention time (HRT) and different voltage were studied. Under the optimum operating conditions, the microbial diversity and structure of the biofilm near the anode and cathode plates were investigated by high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing. The results indicated that under the dynamic conditions of HRT for 12, 24 and 36 h, the removal rates of COD in traditional Chinese medicine extraction wastewater were 70.78%±2.41%, 82.83%±1.76% and 92.62%±1.28% , respectively. Under the static conditions that the voltage was 0, 10 and 27 V, the COD removal rates of wastewater were 56.85%, 98.97% and 33.33% after 24 h processing, respectively. Bacterial species detected in these samples covered 29 phyla，54 classes，119 orders，219 families，413 genera. Taxonomic assignment analysis indicated that Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Chloroflexi, Epsilonbacteraeota near the anode and cathode plates at phylum level accounted for 94.6% and 99.4%, respectively. There were significant differences between the anode and cathode plates in microbial community structure at genus lever. Desulfobulbus, Lentimicrobiaceae, Sphaerotilus, Geobacter, Methyloversatilis, etc had relatively high relative abundances near the cathode plate, while its relative abundances in the anode plate were less than 1%. Zoogloea, Acinetobacter, Fusibacter, etc were relatively abundant near the anode plate. Analysis showed that the electro-biological coupling technology could effectively degrade traditional Chinese medicine extraction wastewater compared with only under the treatment process of microorganisms or electrochemistry. Zoogloea was the main different microorganism near the anode and cathode plates.