功能性明胶基水凝胶的分类及研究进展

Classification of functional gelatin-based hydrogels and research progress

摘要:

明胶基水凝胶作为一类具有三维网络结构的天然高分子软物质材料，因具有良好的生物相容性、生物可降解性以及生物安全性，且含水量高、结构和性能与细胞外基质相似而受到研究者的广泛关注。该文概述了明胶基水凝胶的结构与性质，并按功能性将明胶基水凝胶进行分类，重点阐述了自修复型、抗菌型、刺激响应型、导电型以及抗冻型明胶基水凝胶的特点、性质以及研究进展，最后讨论了明胶基水凝胶面临的问题和挑战，展望了明胶基水凝胶未来可能的发展趋势。

Abstract:

As a kind of natural polymer soft material with three-dimensional network structure, gelatin-based hydrogels have attracted a lot of attention due to their good biocompatibility, biodegradability and biological safety, and high water content, similar structure and performance to extracellular matrix. Firstly, the structure and properties of gelatin-based hydrogels are summarized. Then, gelatin-based hydrogels are classified according to their functionality. The characteristics, properties and research progress of self-healing, antibacterial, stimulation-responsive, conductive and antifreezing gelatin-based hydrogels are described. Finally, the problems and challenges of gelatin-based hydrogels are discussed, and the possible development trend of gelatin-based hydrogels in the future is prospected.