改性刺梧桐胶基高吸水聚合物的合成及防蒸发性能

Synthesis and anti-evaporation performance of modified karaya gum based super absorbent polymer

摘要:

以刺梧桐胶（KG）、丙烯酸（AA）、氨基磺酸（AS）和坡缕石为原料，过硫酸铵（APS）为引发剂，N，N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺（MBA）为交联剂合成了复合高吸水聚合物。利用FT-IR，SEM，TG对其结构和形貌进行了表征。测定了聚合物的保水率、最大持水量和防蒸发性能。考察了KG、AA、AS、APS、MBA含量和AA中和度对吸水（盐）倍率的影响。模拟荒漠化区域，测定了高吸水聚合物对土壤水分蒸发的影响。 结果显示：在最优合成条件下，聚合物在去离子水、自来水和0.9% NaCl中吸水倍率（1110、210和108 g/g）均高于保水剂1和2，具有很好的耐盐性；在12 h内，25 ℃、45 ℃和60 ℃下，保水率分别达到54%、14.4%和 8%；最大持水量分别高于保水剂1和2 ；高吸水聚合物可以有效地降低土壤水分蒸发。

Abstract:

The superabsorbent polymer was synthesized by using aromatic gum (KG), acrylic acid (AA), sulfamic acid(AA) and potassium perniobate as raw materials, ammonium persulfate (APS) as initiator and N，N'-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) as cross-linking agent. The structure and morphology were characterized by FT-IR, SEM and TG. The water retention rate, maximum water retention capacity and anti-evaporation performance of the polymer were measured. The content of KG, AA, AS, APS, MBA, and the effect of neutralization on the water absorption ratio were investigated. The destertification area was simulated, and the effect of superabsorbent polymer on soil water evaporation is measured. The results show that under the optimal synthesis conditions, the water absorption ratio of the polymer in deionized water, tap water and 0.9% NaCl (1110, 210 and 108 g/g, respectively) were higher than that of water retaining agent 1 and 2 and has a good Salt tolerance; within 12 h, water retention at 25 ℃,45 ℃ and 60 ℃ reached 54%, 14.4% and 8% respectively; The maximum water holding capacity was higher than water retaining agent 1 and 2 respectively ; Superabsorbent polymers could reduce soil water evaporation effectively.